Fix VB365 collector against a real server's object model

Checked with Get-Vb365CollectorDiagnostics.ps1 output from a VB365 8.4
server (GDC-VEEAM-04, 11 organizations, Windows PowerShell 5.1). Times
(session CreationTime/EndTime, job NextRun) are local, and property
names matched. Two fixes:

- Session log items carry their status as a Title prefix ("[Warning]
  ...") with no separate status property. Match on the prefix and strip
  it, instead of matching words in the text, which would have pulled in
  lines like "[Success] Processing site: .../error-reports"
- Retries are separate sessions (MainSessionId -> the retried session,
  which has JobWillBeRetried = True). Mark them in details (retry_of,
  will_retry) and say "Veeam will retry this job." on a pending retry

Mock rebuilt on the real shapes, including a warning + retry pair.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <[email protected]>

README.md

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ browser ──nginx (basic auth, TLS)──▶ /api/* ─▶│ SQLite       │
 - `public/`: static frontend (no build step). Add `?mock=1` to the URL to use built-in sample data.
 - `backend/`: FastAPI API backed by a single SQLite file.
 - `deploy/`: nginx site and systemd unit.
-- `collectors/`: scripts that report results from backup products ([Veeam B&R](collectors/veeam/README.md), [Azure Backup / MARS](collectors/mars/README.md), [Windows Server Backup](collectors/wsb/README.md)).
+- `collectors/`: scripts that report results from backup products ([Veeam B&R](collectors/veeam/README.md), [Azure Backup / MARS](collectors/mars/README.md), [Windows Server Backup](collectors/wsb/README.md), [Veeam Backup for M365](collectors/vb365/README.md)).
 
 ## Data model
 

collectors/vb365/Get-Vb365CollectorDiagnostics.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Read-only dump of what the Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 cmdlets return, for troubleshooting
+    the collector.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    The collector reads properties of Get-VBOJob / Get-VBOJobSession results whose names aren't
+    fully documented. This prints those objects' real structure (property names, types, values and
+    each date's Kind, a few levels deep) for a few jobs and their latest sessions. Nothing is
+    changed. Output is also saved to a text file.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Get-Vb365CollectorDiagnostics.ps1
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [int]$Jobs = 3,
+    [int]$SessionsPerJob = 2,
+    [string]$OutFile = (Join-Path $env:TEMP 'vb365-collector-diagnostics.txt')
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$MaxDepth = 4
+
+if (-not (Get-Command Get-VBOJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
+    if (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell) {
+        Import-Module Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell
+    } else {
+        Import-Module (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Veeam\Backup365\Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell\Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell.psd1')
+    }
+}
+
+function Test-Scalar($Value) {
+    return $null -eq $Value -or $Value -is [string] -or $Value -is [ValueType] -or $Value -is [guid]
+}
+
+# Recursive "name (type) = value" listing. Collections show their first 3 items.
+function Show-Object($Value, [string]$Indent = '  ', [int]$Depth = 0) {
+    if (Test-Scalar $Value) { return }
+    if ($Depth -ge $MaxDepth) { "$Indent..."; return }
+    if ($Value -is [Collections.IEnumerable]) {
+        $items = @($Value)
+        "$Indent[$($items.Count) item(s)]"
+        $i = 0
+        foreach ($item in $items | Select-Object -First 3) {
+            "$Indent[$i] ($($item.GetType().FullName))$(if (Test-Scalar $item) { " = $item" })"
+            Show-Object $item "$Indent    " ($Depth + 1)
+            $i++
+        }
+        return
+    }
+    foreach ($p in $Value.PSObject.Properties) {
+        try { $v = $p.Value } catch { "$Indent$($p.Name) = <error: $($_.Exception.Message)>"; continue }
+        $type = if ($null -eq $v) { 'null' } else { $v.GetType().FullName }
+        if (Test-Scalar $v) {
+            $kind = if ($v -is [datetime]) { " [Kind=$($v.Kind)]" } else { '' }
+            "$Indent$($p.Name) ($type) = $v$kind"
+        } else {
+            $text = [string]$v
+            if ($text.Length -gt 100) { $text = $text.Substring(0, 97) + '...' }
+            "$Indent$($p.Name) ($type) = $text"
+            Show-Object $v "$Indent    " ($Depth + 1)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function Show-Section([string]$Title, [scriptblock]$Get) {
+    "== $Title"
+    try {
+        $result = @(& $Get)
+        if ($result.Count -eq 0 -or ($result.Count -eq 1 -and $null -eq $result[0])) { '  (nothing returned)' }
+        $n = 0
+        foreach ($item in $result) {
+            if ($null -eq $item) { continue }
+            "  [$n] ($($item.GetType().FullName))"
+            Show-Object $item '      '
+            $n++
+        }
+    } catch {
+        "  error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+    ''
+}
+
+$report = & {
+    $module = Get-Module Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell
+    "Generated $(Get-Date -Format o) on $env:COMPUTERNAME, PowerShell $($PSVersionTable.PSVersion), module $($module.Version)"
+    "Local time zone: $([TimeZoneInfo]::Local.Id), UTC offset now $([TimeZoneInfo]::Local.GetUtcOffset((Get-Date))), culture $([Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture.Name)"
+    ''
+    "== Organizations"
+    try {
+        Get-VBOOrganization | ForEach-Object { "  $($_.Name)  [$($_.Type)]" }
+    } catch { "  error: $($_.Exception.Message)" }
+    ''
+    $allJobs = @(Get-VBOJob)
+    "== Jobs: $($allJobs.Count) in total"
+    $allJobs | ForEach-Object { "  $($_.Name)  [$($_.Id)]  enabled=$($_.IsEnabled)  next=$($_.NextRun)" }
+    ''
+    Show-Section "Get-VBOJob (first $Jobs, full detail)" { $allJobs | Select-Object -First $Jobs }
+    foreach ($j in $allJobs | Select-Object -First $Jobs) {
+        Show-Section "Get-VBOJobSession -Job '$($j.Name)' (latest $SessionsPerJob)" {
+            Get-VBOJobSession -Job $j | Sort-Object CreationTime -Descending | Select-Object -First $SessionsPerJob
+        }
+    }
+    if (Get-Command Get-VBOCopyJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        Show-Section 'Get-VBOCopyJob (first 2)' { Get-VBOCopyJob | Select-Object -First 2 }
+        if (Get-Command Get-VBOCopyJobSession -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+            Show-Section 'Get-VBOCopyJobSession (latest 2)' {
+                Get-VBOCopyJobSession | Sort-Object CreationTime -Descending | Select-Object -First 2
+            }
+        }
+    } else {
+        '== Get-VBOCopyJob: not available'
+    }
+} | Out-String -Width 300
+
+$report
+$report | Set-Content -Path $OutFile -Encoding UTF8
+Write-Host "Saved to $OutFile"

collectors/vb365/Install-Vb365Collector.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Installs the Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 collector as a SYSTEM scheduled task.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    - Copies Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1 to Program Files (only admins can modify it, which
+      matters because it runs as SYSTEM).
+    - Writes the config to ProgramData\BackupDashboard and restricts that folder to SYSTEM and
+      Administrators, since it contains the API key.
+    - Registers a scheduled task that runs every IntervalMinutes, under Windows PowerShell 5.1
+      (powershell.exe) unless -PwshPath points at PowerShell 7.
+    Safe to re-run to change settings or update the script. Can sit alongside the other collectors.
+
+    Dashboard company per job: -OrganizationTenants maps Microsoft 365 organization names to
+    companies; jobs of unmapped organizations use -Tenant, or the organization's name if no -Tenant.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Install-Vb365Collector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+    One client per VB365 server. Prompts for the API key.
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Install-Vb365Collector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -OrganizationTenants @{
+        'acme.onmicrosoft.com' = 'Acme Corp'; 'bluewater.onmicrosoft.com' = 'Bluewater Dental' }
+    A shared VB365 server protecting several organizations.
+#>
+#Requires -RunAsAdministrator
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$ApiUrl,
+    [string]$Tenant,
+    [hashtable]$OrganizationTenants = @{},
+    [string]$SourceSystem = 'Veeam Backup for M365',
+    [ValidateRange(5, 1440)][int]$IntervalMinutes = 60,
+    [ValidateRange(1, 720)][int]$LookbackHours = 48,
+    [string]$InstallDir = (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'BackupDashboard'),
+    # Run under PowerShell 7 instead of Windows PowerShell, e.g. 'C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe'
+    [string]$PwshPath
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$TaskName = 'Backup Dashboard - VB365 collector'
+$DataDir = Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard'
+$ConfigPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'vb365-collector.json'
+$Shell = Join-Path $env:SystemRoot 'System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe'
+if ($PwshPath) {
+    if (-not (Test-Path $PwshPath)) { throw "PowerShell 7 not found at '$PwshPath'." }
+    $Shell = $PwshPath
+}
+
+# Check VB365 is here before changing anything
+$moduleFile = Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Veeam\Backup365\Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell\Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell.psd1'
+if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell) -and -not (Test-Path $moduleFile)) {
+    throw 'The Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 PowerShell module (Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell) is not installed on this server.'
+}
+if (-not $Tenant -and $OrganizationTenants.Count -eq 0) {
+    Write-Warning 'No -Tenant or -OrganizationTenants: jobs will be listed under their Microsoft 365 organization name.'
+}
+
+if ($ApiUrl -notmatch '^https://') {
+    Write-Warning 'ApiUrl is not HTTPS: the API key would be sent in clear text.'
+}
+
+# Read the key as a SecureString so it isn't echoed to the console or kept in shell history
+$secure = Read-Host -AsSecureString 'API key (from: python manage.py create-key <name>)'
+$bstr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($secure)
+try { $apiKey = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringBSTR($bstr) }
+finally { [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ZeroFreeBSTR($bstr) }
+if (-not $apiKey.StartsWith('bdk_')) { throw "That doesn't look like a dashboard API key (expected 'bdk_...')." }
+
+# Config folder: SYSTEM + Administrators only (SIDs so this works on non-English Windows)
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $DataDir -Force | Out-Null
+& icacls.exe $DataDir /inheritance:r /grant:r '*S-1-5-18:(OI)(CI)F' '*S-1-5-32-544:(OI)(CI)F' | Out-Null
+if ($LASTEXITCODE) { throw "icacls failed on $DataDir" }
+
+$config = [ordered]@{
+    ApiUrl              = $ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/')
+    ApiKey              = $apiKey
+    SourceSystem        = $SourceSystem
+    LookbackHours       = $LookbackHours
+    OrganizationTenants = $OrganizationTenants
+}
+if ($Tenant) { $config.Tenant = $Tenant }
+$config | ConvertTo-Json | Set-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Encoding UTF8
+
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $InstallDir -Force | Out-Null
+$scriptPath = Join-Path $InstallDir 'Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1'
+Copy-Item -Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1') -Destination $scriptPath -Force
+Unblock-File -Path $scriptPath
+
+$action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute $Shell `
+    -Argument "-NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$scriptPath`""
+$trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Once -At (Get-Date).AddMinutes(1) `
+    -RepetitionInterval (New-TimeSpan -Minutes $IntervalMinutes)
+$principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserId 'S-1-5-18' -LogonType ServiceAccount -RunLevel Highest
+$settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -ExecutionTimeLimit (New-TimeSpan -Minutes 30) `
+    -MultipleInstances IgnoreNew -StartWhenAvailable
+Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName $TaskName -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -Principal $principal `
+    -Settings $settings -Description 'Sends Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 results to the Backup Dashboard' -Force | Out-Null
+
+Write-Host "Installed. Config: $ConfigPath"
+Write-Host "Task '$TaskName' runs every $IntervalMinutes minutes as SYSTEM, using $Shell."
+Write-Host ''
+Write-Host 'Next steps:'
+Write-Host "  1. Preview what will be sent:   & '$Shell' -File '$scriptPath' -DryRun"
+Write-Host "  2. Backfill 30 days of history: & '$Shell' -File '$scriptPath' -LookbackHours 720"
+Write-Host "  3. Check the log:               Get-Content '$DataDir\vb365-collector.log' -Tail 20"

collectors/vb365/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+# Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 collector
+
+A PowerShell script that runs on the Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 (VB365) server and reports its
+backup jobs (and backup copy jobs) to the dashboard, one dashboard job per VB365 job.
+
+> **Checked against:** VB365 8.4 under Windows PowerShell 5.1, a shared server protecting 11
+> organizations: successful, warning and retried sessions. Not yet seen on a real server: a failed
+> session, a session in progress, or a backup copy job. If one looks wrong, run
+> `Get-Vb365CollectorDiagnostics.ps1` while it's in that state and send the output.
+
+## Which company a job appears under
+
+One VB365 server can protect several Microsoft 365 organizations, so the company is picked per job
+from the job's organization:
+
+1. `OrganizationTenants` maps an organization name (as `Get-VBOOrganization` shows it, e.g.
+   `acme.onmicrosoft.com`; not case-sensitive) to a dashboard company.
+2. Otherwise `Tenant`, for a VB365 server dedicated to one client.
+3. Otherwise the organization's own name.
+
+Changing a job's company later creates a new dashboard job under the new company; delete the old
+one with `python manage.py delete-job <id>`.
+
+## Install (on the VB365 server, as an administrator)
+
+1. On the dashboard host, create a key for this server:
+   ```bash
+   python manage.py create-key vb365-01
+   ```
+2. Copy this folder to the server and run one of:
+   ```powershell
+   # VB365 server for one client
+   .\Install-Vb365Collector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+
+   # Shared VB365 server
+   .\Install-Vb365Collector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -OrganizationTenants @{
+       'acme.onmicrosoft.com'      = 'Acme Corp'
+       'bluewater.onmicrosoft.com' = 'Bluewater Dental'
+   }
+   ```
+   It prompts for the key, then:
+   - writes `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\vb365-collector.json` (readable only by SYSTEM and Administrators)
+   - copies the script to `C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\`
+   - registers the scheduled task **Backup Dashboard - VB365 collector** (SYSTEM, every 60 minutes)
+
+   It runs under Windows PowerShell 5.1. If your VB365 version's module needs PowerShell 7, add
+   `-PwshPath 'C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe'`.
+3. Preview the payloads, then backfill 30 days so the history view is populated straight away:
+   ```powershell
+   powershell.exe -File 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1' -DryRun
+   powershell.exe -File 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1' -LookbackHours 720
+   ```
+
+It can be installed alongside the other collectors: it uses its own config, state, log and task.
+Re-run the installer to change settings (including the organization mapping) or update the script.
+
+## What it sends
+
+| Dashboard | VB365 |
+|---|---|
+| Company | See above |
+| Job | Each backup job and backup copy job. The job's GUID is the ID, so renaming it in VB365 doesn't duplicate it |
+| Status | Session status: Success / Warning / Failed. Running or queued → **Running**. Stopped (cancelled) or unrecognised → **Warning** |
+| Started / finished | Session `CreationTime` / `EndTime` |
+| Next scheduled | Job's `NextRun`. Empty for disabled jobs |
+| Message | Warning and error lines from the session log (items titled `[Warning] ...`, `[Failed] ...`), plus "Veeam will retry this job." when a retry is pending |
+| Retries | VB365 runs a retry as a separate session, so it appears as its own run, marked `details.retry_of` (the session it retried). The retried run is marked `details.will_retry` |
+| Size | Data transferred (`Statistics.TransferredData`) |
+| Details | Organization, objects processed, job kind (`backup` / `copy`) |
+
+Each run covers the last 48 hours (`LookbackHours`). Sessions already delivered are recorded in
+`vb365-collector.state.json`.
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+- Log: `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\vb365-collector.log`. Exit codes: `0` OK, `1` some jobs
+  failed to send (retried next run), `2` setup failed (config or VB365 module).
+- Wrong status, times or messages: run `.\Get-Vb365CollectorDiagnostics.ps1` (read-only). It prints
+  the real structure of jobs and sessions, including whether each date is local or UTC.
+
+## Testing without VB365
+
+```powershell
+. ./tests/MockVb365.ps1
+./Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+```

collectors/vb365/Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,372 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Reports Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 (VB365) job results to the Backup Dashboard.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    Runs on the VB365 server, normally as a SYSTEM scheduled task every 60 minutes
+    (see Install-Vb365Collector.ps1). For every backup job (and backup copy job) it sends:
+      - the job's next scheduled run, which drives the dashboard's Overdue flag, and
+      - every session from the last LookbackHours that the dashboard hasn't already received in
+        its final state. Running sessions are re-sent each time until they finish.
+
+    One VB365 server can protect several Microsoft 365 organizations, so the dashboard company is
+    chosen per job from its organization: OrganizationTenants in the config maps an organization
+    name (e.g. "contoso.onmicrosoft.com") to a company; otherwise Tenant is used; otherwise the
+    organization's own name.
+
+    Already-reported sessions are tracked in a state file, and the ingest API is idempotent, so a
+    failed or repeated run is harmless: anything not confirmed is retried next time.
+
+.PARAMETER ConfigPath
+    JSON config with ApiUrl and ApiKey (optional: Tenant, OrganizationTenants, SourceSystem,
+    LookbackHours).
+
+.PARAMETER LookbackHours
+    Overrides the config value. Use 720 once to backfill 30 days of history.
+
+.PARAMETER DryRun
+    Print the payloads instead of sending them. Doesn't touch the state or log files.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1 -DryRun
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1 -LookbackHours 720
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [string]$ConfigPath = (Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard\vb365-collector.json'),
+    [int]$LookbackHours = 0,
+    [switch]$DryRun
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+$DataDir = Split-Path -Parent $ConfigPath
+$LogPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'vb365-collector.log'
+$StatePath = Join-Path $DataDir 'vb365-collector.state.json'
+$MaxLogBytes = 5MB
+$Invariant = [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture
+
+# ---------- Helpers ----------
+
+function Write-Log {
+    param([string]$Message, [string]$Level = 'INFO')
+    $line = '{0} [{1}] {2}' -f (Get-Date).ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'), $Level, $Message
+    Write-Host $line
+    if ($DryRun) { return }
+    if ((Test-Path $LogPath) -and (Get-Item $LogPath).Length -gt $MaxLogBytes) {
+        Move-Item $LogPath "$LogPath.1" -Force
+    }
+    Add-Content -Path $LogPath -Value $line -Encoding UTF8
+}
+
+function Get-ErrorText($ErrorRecord) {
+    # Windows PowerShell puts the HTTP response body (e.g. the API's 422 explanation) here
+    if ($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails -and $ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message) {
+        return "$($ErrorRecord.Exception.Message) $($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message)"
+    }
+    return $ErrorRecord.Exception.Message
+}
+
+# The API needs an explicit UTC offset. DateTimeOffset keeps a Local/Unspecified time as local and a
+# Utc time as +00:00.
+function ConvertTo-IsoTime($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return $null }
+    $dt = [datetime]$Value
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }  # "not set" (DateTime.MinValue and friends)
+    return ([DateTimeOffset]$dt).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:sszzz", $Invariant)
+}
+
+# First property of $Object, out of $Names, that exists and isn't empty. The VB365 object model isn't
+# fully documented, so reads go through this rather than assuming one spelling.
+function Get-FirstValue($Object, [string[]]$Names) {
+    if ($null -eq $Object) { return $null }
+    foreach ($name in $Names) {
+        try {
+            $prop = $Object.PSObject.Properties[$name]
+            if (-not $prop) { continue }
+            $value = $prop.Value
+            # Check emptiness by type: casting to [string] would make a one-item list of objects ''
+            if ($null -eq $value) { continue }
+            if ($value -is [string] -and $value -eq '') { continue }
+            if ($value -is [Collections.ICollection] -and $value.Count -eq 0) { continue }
+            return $value
+        } catch { }
+    }
+    return $null
+}
+
+function Import-Vb365 {
+    if (Get-Command Get-VBOJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { return }  # already loaded
+    if (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell) {
+        Import-Module Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell
+        return
+    }
+    # Fall back to the default install path
+    Import-Module (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Veeam\Backup365\Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell\Veeam.Archiver.PowerShell.psd1')
+}
+
+function Get-Time($Object, [string]$Field) {
+    $value = Get-FirstValue $Object @($Field)
+    if ($null -eq $value) { return $null }
+    $dt = [datetime]$value
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }  # e.g. EndTime while a session is running
+    return $dt
+}
+
+# "1.5 GB", "512 MB", "123456" -> bytes; $null when it can't be read
+function ConvertTo-Bytes($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return $null }
+    if ($Value -is [ValueType]) { return [long]$Value }
+    $match = [regex]::Match([string]$Value, '^\s*([\d.,]+)\s*([KMGTP]?B)?\s*$', 'IgnoreCase')
+    if (-not $match.Success) { return $null }
+    $number = 0.0
+    if (-not [double]::TryParse(($match.Groups[1].Value -replace ',', '.'), [Globalization.NumberStyles]::Float, $Invariant, [ref]$number)) {
+        return $null
+    }
+    $power = @{ '' = 0; 'B' = 0; 'KB' = 1; 'MB' = 2; 'GB' = 3; 'TB' = 4; 'PB' = 5 }[$match.Groups[2].Value.ToUpperInvariant()]
+    return [long]($number * [math]::Pow(1024, $power))
+}
+
+# ---------- Jobs and tenants ----------
+
+function Get-OrganizationName($Job) {
+    $org = Get-FirstValue $Job @('Organization')
+    if ($null -eq $org) {
+        # Copy jobs point at their source backup job
+        $org = Get-FirstValue (Get-FirstValue $Job @('BackupJob')) @('Organization')
+    }
+    if ($org -is [string]) { return $org }
+    $name = Get-FirstValue $org @('Name', 'OfficeName', 'DisplayName')
+    if ($name) { return [string]$name }
+    return $null
+}
+
+function Get-TenantForJob($Job) {
+    $org = Get-OrganizationName $Job
+    if ($org -and $Config.OrganizationTenants) {
+        $mapped = $Config.OrganizationTenants.PSObject.Properties[$org]  # case-insensitive lookup
+        if ($mapped -and $mapped.Value) { return [string]$mapped.Value }
+    }
+    if ($Config.Tenant) { return [string]$Config.Tenant }
+    if ($org) { return $org }
+    return $env:COMPUTERNAME
+}
+
+function Get-NextRun($Job) {
+    try {
+        $enabled = Get-FirstValue $Job @('IsEnabled', 'Enabled')
+        if ($enabled -eq $false) { return $null }
+        return ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-Time $Job 'NextRun')
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't read schedule for job '$($Job.Name)': $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+        return $null
+    }
+}
+
+# ---------- Sessions ----------
+
+function Get-RunStatus($Session) {
+    $status = [string](Get-FirstValue $Session @('Status', 'Result', 'State'))
+    if ($status -match 'Fail|Error') { return 'failed' }
+    if ($status -match 'Warn') { return 'warning' }
+    if ($status -match 'Succe') { return 'success' }
+    if ($status -match 'Run|Queue|Progress|Start|Wait') { return 'running' }
+    if (-not (Get-Time $Session 'EndTime')) { return 'running' }
+    # Stopped (cancelled), Disconnected, or a state we don't recognise: surface it rather than hide it
+    return 'warning'
+}
+
+function Test-EmptyGuid($Value) {
+    return (-not $Value) -or [string]$Value -eq [string][guid]::Empty
+}
+
+# Warning/error lines from the session log. Each log item's status is a prefix of its Title, e.g.
+# "[Warning] Item was skipped" (there's no separate status property), so match on that rather than
+# on words in the text, which would catch e.g. "[Success] Processing site: .../error-reports".
+function Get-RunMessage($Session, [string]$Status) {
+    if ($Status -eq 'running') { return '' }
+    $lines = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.List[string]'
+    $sessionStatus = [string](Get-FirstValue $Session @('Status', 'Result', 'State'))
+    if ($Status -ne 'success') {
+        foreach ($entry in @(Get-FirstValue $Session @('Log', 'Logs') | Where-Object { $_ })) {
+            $title = ([string](Get-FirstValue $entry @('Title', 'Message', 'Text'))).Trim()
+            $prefix = [regex]::Match($title, '^\[(\w+)\]\s*')
+            if ($prefix.Success) {
+                if ($prefix.Groups[1].Value -notmatch 'Warn|Fail|Error') { continue }
+                $title = $title.Substring($prefix.Length)
+            } elseif ([string](Get-FirstValue $entry @('Status', 'Type', 'Severity')) -notmatch 'Warn|Fail|Error') {
+                continue
+            }
+            if ($title -and -not $lines.Contains($title)) { $lines.Add($title) }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($lines.Count -eq 0) {
+        if ($Status -eq 'success') { $lines.Add('Job completed successfully.') }
+        else { $lines.Add("Job finished with status '$sessionStatus'.") }
+    } elseif ($sessionStatus -and $sessionStatus -notmatch 'Fail|Warn') {
+        $lines.Insert(0, "Session status: $sessionStatus")
+    }
+    # A warning/failure VB365 is about to retry; the retry arrives as its own run
+    if ($Status -ne 'success' -and (Get-FirstValue $Session @('JobWillBeRetried')) -eq $true) {
+        $lines.Add('Veeam will retry this job.')
+    }
+    return ($lines -join "`n")
+}
+
+function ConvertTo-Run($Session, $Job, [string]$JobKind) {
+    $status = Get-RunStatus $Session
+    $details = [ordered]@{ vb365_server = $env:COMPUTERNAME; job_kind = $JobKind }
+    $org = Get-OrganizationName $Job
+    if ($org) { $details.organization = $org }
+    $sessionStatus = Get-FirstValue $Session @('Status', 'Result', 'State')
+    if ($sessionStatus) { $details.vb365_status = [string]$sessionStatus }
+    # Retries are separate sessions pointing at the session they retry
+    $mainSession = Get-FirstValue $Session @('MainSessionId')
+    if (-not (Test-EmptyGuid $mainSession)) { $details.retry_of = [string]$mainSession }
+    if ((Get-FirstValue $Session @('JobWillBeRetried')) -eq $true) { $details.will_retry = $true }
+
+    $run = [ordered]@{
+        external_id = [string](Get-FirstValue $Session @('Id', 'SessionId'))
+        status      = $status
+        started_at  = ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-Time $Session 'CreationTime')
+        message     = Get-RunMessage $Session $status
+        details     = $details
+    }
+    if ($status -ne 'running') {
+        $finished = ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-Time $Session 'EndTime')
+        if ($finished) { $run.finished_at = $finished }  # otherwise the API uses receipt time
+        $stats = Get-FirstValue $Session @('Statistics')
+        $processed = Get-FirstValue $stats @('ProcessedObjects')
+        if ($null -ne $processed) { $details.processed_objects = $processed }
+        $transferred = ConvertTo-Bytes (Get-FirstValue $stats @('TransferredData', 'TransferredDataSize'))
+        if ($transferred -gt 0) { $run.size_bytes = $transferred }
+    }
+    return $run
+}
+
+function Send-Report($Body) {
+    $json = $Body | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 6 -Compress
+    if ($DryRun) {
+        Write-Host $json
+        return
+    }
+    # Send bytes: Windows PowerShell would otherwise encode a string body as Latin-1
+    $params = @{
+        Uri         = "$($Config.ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/'))/api/v1/ingest"
+        Method      = 'Post'
+        Headers     = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $($Config.ApiKey)" }
+        ContentType = 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
+        Body        = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($json)
+        TimeoutSec  = 30
+    }
+    Invoke-RestMethod @params | Out-Null
+}
+
+# ---------- Main ----------
+
+try {
+    $Config = Get-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+    foreach ($key in 'ApiUrl', 'ApiKey') {
+        if (-not $Config.$key) { throw "Config $ConfigPath is missing '$key'" }
+    }
+    $SourceSystem = if ($Config.SourceSystem) { [string]$Config.SourceSystem } else { 'Veeam Backup for M365' }
+    if ($LookbackHours -le 0) {
+        $LookbackHours = if ($Config.LookbackHours) { [int]$Config.LookbackHours } else { 48 }
+    }
+
+    # Windows PowerShell 5.1 may default to TLS 1.0
+    [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+
+    Import-Vb365
+
+    # Session ID -> start time (Unix seconds), for sessions already delivered in their final state
+    $sent = @{}
+    if (Test-Path $StatePath) {
+        $saved = Get-Content -Path $StatePath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+        if ($saved) { foreach ($p in $saved.PSObject.Properties) { $sent[$p.Name] = [long]$p.Value } }
+    }
+
+    $since = (Get-Date).AddHours(-$LookbackHours)
+
+    # (job, kind, sessions) for backup jobs, plus backup copy jobs where the cmdlets exist
+    $work = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.List[object]'
+    foreach ($job in @(Get-VBOJob)) {
+        $sessions = @(Get-VBOJobSession -Job $job | Where-Object { (Get-Time $_ 'CreationTime') -ge $since })
+        $work.Add([pscustomobject]@{ Job = $job; Kind = 'backup'; Sessions = $sessions })
+    }
+    if ((Get-Command Get-VBOCopyJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) -and (Get-Command Get-VBOCopyJobSession -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
+        $copyJobs = @(Get-VBOCopyJob)
+        if ($copyJobs.Count) {
+            # Fetch once and match by job ID, since the per-job parameter name isn't consistent
+            $copySessions = @(Get-VBOCopyJobSession | Where-Object { (Get-Time $_ 'CreationTime') -ge $since })
+            foreach ($job in $copyJobs) {
+                $id = [string]$job.Id
+                $work.Add([pscustomobject]@{
+                    Job = $job; Kind = 'copy'
+                    Sessions = @($copySessions | Where-Object { [string](Get-FirstValue $_ @('JobId')) -eq $id })
+                })
+            }
+        }
+    }
+} catch {
+    Write-Log "Collector setup failed: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+    exit 2
+}
+
+$failures = 0
+$runsSent = 0
+foreach ($item in $work) {
+    $job = $item.Job
+    $tenant = Get-TenantForJob $job
+    $jobInfo = [ordered]@{
+        external_id = [string]$job.Id
+        name        = [string]$job.Name
+        # Always sent (null when disabled/unscheduled) so the dashboard's value tracks VB365's
+        next_run_at = Get-NextRun $job
+    }
+    $pending = @($item.Sessions |
+        Where-Object { $_ -and -not $sent.ContainsKey([string](Get-FirstValue $_ @('Id', 'SessionId'))) } |
+        Sort-Object { Get-Time $_ 'CreationTime' })
+
+    try {
+        if ($pending.Count -eq 0) {
+            # Keep next_run_at fresh even when nothing new ran
+            Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo })
+        }
+        foreach ($session in $pending) {
+            $run = ConvertTo-Run $session $job $item.Kind
+            Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo; run = $run })
+            $runsSent++
+            if ($run.status -ne 'running') {
+                $sent[$run.external_id] = ([DateTimeOffset](Get-Time $session 'CreationTime')).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+            }
+        }
+    } catch {
+        $failures++
+        Write-Log "Failed to report job '$($job.Name)': $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+        $httpStatus = 0
+        try { $httpStatus = [int]$_.Exception.Response.StatusCode } catch { }
+        if ($httpStatus -eq 401) {
+            Write-Log 'API key rejected; check ApiKey in the config. Stopping.' 'ERROR'
+            break
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+if (-not $DryRun) {
+    # Forget sessions that have aged out of the lookback window (plus a day of slack)
+    $cutoff = [DateTimeOffset]::Now.AddHours(-$LookbackHours - 24).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+    $keep = [ordered]@{}
+    foreach ($id in $sent.Keys) {
+        if ($sent[$id] -ge $cutoff) { $keep[$id] = $sent[$id] }
+    }
+    try {
+        $keep | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Set-Content -Path $StatePath -Encoding UTF8
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't save state file: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Log ("Reported {0} jobs, {1} runs, {2} failures" -f $work.Count, $runsSent, $failures)
+if ($failures) { exit 1 }

collectors/vb365/tests/MockVb365.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Stand-ins for the Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365 cmdlets. Object shapes follow
+# Get-Vb365CollectorDiagnostics.ps1 output from a real VB365 8.4 server: session and NextRun times
+# are local, Statistics.TransferredData is a string ("187.2 MB"), log items carry their status as a
+# Title prefix ("[Warning] ..."), and retries are separate sessions whose MainSessionId points at
+# the session they retry (which has JobWillBeRetried = True).
+#
+#   . ./tests/MockVb365.ps1
+#   ./Send-Vb365BackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+
+# Fixed to the top of the hour, and IDs derived from names/times, so repeated runs see the same data
+$now = Get-Date -Minute 0 -Second 0 -Millisecond 0
+function New-StableGuid([string]$Seed) {
+    [guid]::new([Security.Cryptography.MD5]::Create().ComputeHash([Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($Seed)))
+}
+
+function New-MockOrg($Name) { [pscustomobject]@{ Name = $Name; OfficeName = $Name; Type = 'Office365'; IsBackedUp = $true } }
+$acme = New-MockOrg 'acme.onmicrosoft.com'
+$blue = New-MockOrg 'bluewater.onmicrosoft.com'
+
+function New-MockJob($Name, $Org, $NextRun, [bool]$Enabled = $true) {
+    [pscustomobject]@{
+        Id = New-StableGuid $Name; Name = $Name; Organization = $Org; JobType = 'Backup'
+        IsEnabled = $Enabled; NextRun = $NextRun; LastStatus = 'Success'
+        LastRun = $(if ($NextRun) { $NextRun.AddDays(-1).ToUniversalTime() })  # UTC, as on the real server
+    }
+}
+
+function New-LogItem($Status, $Text, $At) {
+    [pscustomobject]@{ Id = [guid]::NewGuid(); USN = 1; Title = "[$Status] $Text"; CreationTime = $At; EndTime = $At }
+}
+
+function New-MockSession($Job, $Start, $End, $Status, $Transferred = '0 B', [long]$Objects = 0, $Log = @(),
+                         $MainSessionId = [guid]::Empty, [bool]$WillRetry = $false) {
+    $logItems = @((New-LogItem 'Success' "Job started at: $($Start.ToString('G'))" $Start)) + @($Log)
+    [pscustomobject]@{
+        JobId = $Job.Id; JobName = $Job.Name; Status = $Status
+        Statistics = [pscustomobject]@{ ProcessingRate = '1.6 MB/s (4 items/s)'; TransferredData = $Transferred; ProcessedObjects = $Objects; Bottleneck = 'Target' }
+        JobSessionConfigType = 'Incremental'
+        Id = New-StableGuid "$($Job.Name)|$($Start.Ticks)"
+        CreationTime = $Start
+        EndTime = $(if ($End) { $End } else { [datetime]::MinValue })
+        Progress = 49; MainSessionId = $MainSessionId; JobWillBeRetried = $WillRetry
+        Log = $logItems
+    }
+}
+
+$global:MockVboJobs = @(
+    (New-MockJob 'Acme 365 Backup' $acme $now.Date.AddHours(17).AddDays($(if ($now.Hour -ge 17) { 1 } else { 0 }))),
+    (New-MockJob 'Bluewater 365 Backup' $blue $now.Date.AddHours(17.75).AddDays($(if ($now.Hour -ge 17) { 1 } else { 0 }))),
+    (New-MockJob 'Bluewater Old Mailboxes' $blue $now.AddDays(1) $false)  # disabled
+)
+$acmeJob, $blueJob, $oldJob = $global:MockVboJobs
+
+$y = $now.Date.AddDays(-1)  # yesterday
+$blueWarn = New-MockSession $blueJob $y.AddHours(17.75) $y.AddHours(17.75).AddMinutes(3.5) 'Warning' '32.9 MB' 47 @(
+    (New-LogItem 'Success' 'Found 94 objects' $y.AddHours(17.75)),
+    # A success line mentioning "error" must not end up in the message
+    (New-LogItem 'Success' 'Processing site: https://bluewater.sharepoint.com/sites/error-reports' $y.AddHours(17.76)),
+    (New-LogItem 'Warning' 'Processing mailbox [email protected] finished with warning: Item "Q3.pst" exceeds the maximum size' $y.AddHours(17.78))
+) -WillRetry $true
+
+$global:MockVboSessions = @(
+    (New-MockSession $acmeJob $y.AddHours(17) $y.AddHours(17).AddMinutes(4.8) 'Success' '187.2 MB' 568 @(
+        (New-LogItem 'Success' 'Found 49 objects' $y.AddHours(17)), (New-LogItem 'Success' 'Connected to organization' $y.AddHours(17)))),
+    (New-MockSession $acmeJob $now.AddMinutes(-20) $null 'Running' '0 B' 12),
+    $blueWarn,
+    # Its retry 13 minutes later, which succeeded
+    (New-MockSession $blueJob $y.AddHours(17.75).AddMinutes(13.5) $y.AddHours(17.75).AddMinutes(16.8) 'Success' '0 B' 0 -MainSessionId $blueWarn.Id),
+    (New-MockSession $blueJob $now.AddHours(-30) $now.AddHours(-29.9) 'Failed' '0 B' 0 @(
+        (New-LogItem 'Failed' 'Failed to connect to organization: The remote server returned an error: (401) Unauthorized.' $now.AddHours(-30)))),
+    (New-MockSession $oldJob $now.AddDays(-5) $now.AddDays(-5).AddHours(1) 'Success')  # outside 48h lookback
+)
+
+function Get-VBOJob { $global:MockVboJobs }
+function Get-VBOJobSession { param($Job) $global:MockVboSessions | Where-Object { -not $Job -or $_.JobId -eq $Job.Id } }
+function Get-VBOOrganization { $acme, $blue }
+function Get-VBOCopyJob { }  # none, as on the real server
+function Get-VBOCopyJobSession { }

collectors/veeam/Get-VeeamCollectorDiagnostics.ps1

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
       2. sessions whose JobId matches no job (the runs that are going missing)
       3. for jobs with no matching sessions, their type/link-related properties and methods
       4. what other job cmdlets (e.g. Get-VBRBackupCopyJob) return
+      5. each job's schedule properties, which the collector reads for the next run
     Nothing is changed in Veeam or the dashboard. Output is also saved to a text file.
 
 .EXAMPLE
@@ -42,14 +43,14 @@ function Format-Value($Value) {
 
 # Property and method names matching $LinkPattern, with property values. Every read is guarded:
 # some Veeam properties throw when accessed.
-function Show-LinkMembers($Object) {
+function Show-LinkMembers($Object, [string]$Pattern = $LinkPattern, [string]$Indent = '    ') {
-    foreach ($p in $Object.PSObject.Properties | Where-Object { $_.Name -match $LinkPattern }) {
+    foreach ($p in $Object.PSObject.Properties | Where-Object { $_.Name -match $Pattern }) {
         $value = try { Format-Value $p.Value } catch { "<error: $($_.Exception.Message)>" }
-        '    {0} = {1}' -f $p.Name, $value
+        '{0}{1} = {2}' -f $Indent, $p.Name, $value
     }
     $methods = @($Object | Get-Member -MemberType Methods -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
-        Where-Object { $_.Name -match $LinkPattern } | ForEach-Object Name)
+        Where-Object { $_.Name -match $Pattern } | ForEach-Object Name)
-    if ($methods) { '    methods: ' + ($methods -join ', ') }
+    if ($methods) { $Indent + 'methods: ' + ($methods -join ', ') }
 }
 
 function Get-Prop($Object, [string]$Name) {
@@ -147,6 +148,39 @@ $report = & {
             "  ${cmd}: error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
         }
     }
+    ''
+
+    # The collector uses IsScheduleEnabled and ScheduleOptions.NextRun; show what else is there in
+    # case this version keeps the next run somewhere different
+    "== 5. Schedules (culture: $([Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture.Name))"
+    $SchedulePattern = 'Schedul|Next|Latest|Run|Enabled|Daily|Periodic|Monthly|Continuous|After|Option'
+    foreach ($j in $jobs) {
+        "  $($j.Name)  [$(Get-Prop $j 'JobType')]"
+        Show-LinkMembers $j $SchedulePattern '    '
+        foreach ($source in 'ScheduleOptions', 'GetScheduleOptions()', 'Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions') {
+            try {
+                $opts = switch ($source) {
+                    'ScheduleOptions'           { $j.ScheduleOptions }
+                    'GetScheduleOptions()'      { $j.GetScheduleOptions() }
+                    'Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions' { Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions -Job $j -WarningAction SilentlyContinue }
+                }
+                if ($null -eq $opts) { "    ${source}: <null>"; continue }
+                "    ${source} ($($opts.GetType().FullName)):"
+                foreach ($p in $opts.PSObject.Properties) {
+                    $value = try { $p.Value } catch { "<error: $($_.Exception.Message)>" }
+                    $type = if ($null -eq $value) { 'null' } else { $value.GetType().Name }
+                    if ($value -is [string] -or $value -is [ValueType] -or $null -eq $value) {
+                        '        {0} ({1}) = {2}' -f $p.Name, $type, (Format-Value $value)
+                    } else {
+                        '        {0} ({1})' -f $p.Name, $type
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch {
+                "    ${source}: not available: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+            }
+        }
+        ''
+    }
 } | Out-String -Width 300
 
 $report

collectors/veeam/README.md

@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ delete the scheduled task and both `BackupDashboard` folders.
 | Job | Job name. The job's GUID is the ID, so renaming a job in Veeam doesn't duplicate it |
 | Status | Session result (Success / Warning / Failed). Any state other than Stopped is **Running**. A session that stopped with no result (e.g. cancelled) is reported as **Warning** |
 | Started / finished | Session `CreationTime` / `EndTime` |
-| Next scheduled | Job's next run. Sent as empty for disabled jobs and chained ("run after") jobs, so those are never flagged Overdue |
+| Next scheduled | Job's next run, from the live schedule (`GetScheduleOptions()`). Sent as empty, so never flagged Overdue, for disabled jobs, chained ("run after") jobs, and immediate-mode backup copy jobs, which run whenever their source does |
 | Message | Session reason, each VM or object that didn't succeed, and warning/error lines from the session log |
 | Size | `BackupStats.BackupSize` |
 

collectors/veeam/Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1

@@ -85,15 +85,26 @@ function Import-Veeam {
 function Get-NextRun($Job) {
     try {
         if (-not $Job.IsScheduleEnabled) { return $null }
-        $raw = $Job.ScheduleOptions.NextRun
+        # Immediate-mode backup copy jobs run whenever their source job does. Their schedule still
+        # carries a NextRun, but it's a stale date (months old on VBR 13) that would show as Overdue.
+        if ($Job.IsContinuous) { return $null }
+
+        # The ScheduleOptions property is a stale snapshot on VBR 13 (NextRun empty, last run years
+        # old); GetScheduleOptions() reads the live schedule. Fall back for versions without it.
+        $options = $null
+        try { $options = $Job.GetScheduleOptions() } catch { }
+        if (-not $options) { $options = $Job.ScheduleOptions }
+        $raw = $options.NextRun
         if (-not $raw) { return $null }  # e.g. chained jobs that run "after" another job
         if ($raw -is [datetime]) { return ConvertTo-IsoTime $raw }
-        # Older versions return a string formatted with the server's culture, so parse with it
+        # A string formatted by VBR ("2026-10-09 12:15:00 AM" on VBR 13, en-CA). Try the server's
+        # culture first, then the invariant one
+        foreach ($culture in [Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture, [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture) {
             $parsed = [datetime]::MinValue
-        if ([datetime]::TryParse([string]$raw, [Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture,
+            if ([datetime]::TryParse([string]$raw, $culture, [Globalization.DateTimeStyles]::None, [ref]$parsed)) {
-                [Globalization.DateTimeStyles]::None, [ref]$parsed)) {
                 return ConvertTo-IsoTime $parsed
             }
+        }
         Write-Log "Couldn't parse next run '$raw' for job '$($Job.Name)'" 'WARN'
     } catch {
         Write-Log "Couldn't read schedule for job '$($Job.Name)': $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'

collectors/veeam/tests/MockVeeam.ps1

@@ -12,12 +12,22 @@ function New-StableGuid([string]$Seed) {
 }
 $notSet = Get-Date '1900-01-01'
 
-function New-MockJob($Name, $Type, $NextRun, [bool]$Enabled = $true) {
+# As on VBR 13: the ScheduleOptions property is a stale snapshot with an empty NextRun, and the live
-    [pscustomobject]@{
+# schedule (NextRun as a "2026-10-09 12:15:00 AM" string) comes from GetScheduleOptions().
+# -Continuous: an immediate-mode copy job, whose live NextRun is a stale date in the past.
+function New-MockJob($Name, $Type, $NextRun, [bool]$Enabled = $true, [switch]$Continuous) {
+    $job = [pscustomobject]@{
         Id = New-StableGuid $Name; Name = $Name; JobType = $Type
         IsScheduleEnabled = $Enabled
-        ScheduleOptions = [pscustomobject]@{ NextRun = $NextRun }
+        IsContinuous = [bool]$Continuous
+        ScheduleOptions = [pscustomobject]@{ NextRun = '' }
+        LiveNextRun = $NextRun
     }
+    $job | Add-Member ScriptMethod GetScheduleOptions { [pscustomobject]@{ NextRun = $this.LiveNextRun } }
+    $job
+}
+function Format-VbrTime([datetime]$Value) {
+    $Value.ToString('yyyy-MM-dd h:mm:ss tt', [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture)
 }
 
 function New-MockSession($Job, $Start, $End, $State, $Result, $Reason = '', $Tasks = @(), $LogRecords = @(), $Size = 0) {
@@ -40,13 +50,13 @@ function New-MockTask($Name, $Status, $Reason = '') {
 }
 
 $global:MockJobs = @(
-    (New-MockJob 'File Server – Nightly' 'Backup' $now.Date.AddDays(1).AddHours(22)),
+    (New-MockJob 'File Server – Nightly' 'Backup' (Format-VbrTime $now.Date.AddDays(1).AddMinutes(15))),
-    # Older VBR versions return NextRun as a culture-formatted string
+    # Some versions return NextRun as a DateTime
-    (New-MockJob 'SQL01 – Logs' 'Backup' $now.AddMinutes(40).ToString()),
+    (New-MockJob 'SQL01 – Logs' 'Backup' $now.AddMinutes(40)),
     (New-MockJob 'Offsite Copy' 'BackupSync' $null),
     (New-MockJob 'Old Exchange' 'Backup' $now.AddDays(1) $false),
     # VBR 12+ backup copy job (immediate mode, no schedule): the "policy" job Get-VBRJob returns
-    (New-MockJob 'Cloud Copy' 'SimpleBackupCopyPolicy' $null)
+    (New-MockJob 'Cloud Copy' 'SimpleBackupCopyPolicy' (Format-VbrTime $now.AddMonths(-6)) -Continuous)
 )
 $fs, $sql, $copy, $old, $cloud = $global:MockJobs
 

public/js/app.js

@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ function statusBadge(status, { asButton = false, opensDialog = false, dataset =
 
 const runningTitle = (since) => (since ? `Running since ${formatDateTime(since)}` : null);
 
-function timeCell(date, extra = null) {
+function timeCell(date, { extra = null, emptyLabel = 'Never' } = {}) {
-  if (!date) return el('td', {}, el('span', { class: 'muted' }, 'Never'));
+  if (!date) return el('td', {}, el('span', { class: 'muted' }, emptyLabel));
   return el('td', {},
     el('time', { class: 'time', datetime: date.toISOString(), title: date.toString() },
       el('span', {}, formatDateTime(date), extra),
@@ -112,7 +112,8 @@ function renderRow(job) {
       asButton: true, opensDialog: true, dataset: { jobId: job.id }, title: runningTitle(job.runningSince),
     })),
     timeCell(job.lastRun),
-    timeCell(job.nextRun, overdueTag));
+    // No next run: unscheduled, or e.g. a Veeam copy job in immediate mode
+    timeCell(job.nextRun, { extra: overdueTag, emptyLabel: 'Not scheduled' }));
 }
 
 const collator = new Intl.Collator(undefined, { sensitivity: 'base', numeric: true });
@@ -304,7 +305,7 @@ function renderSummarySection() {
       // While a job is running, its "last run" is the previous one — say how that went
       status === 'running' && lastStatus ? detailRow('Previous result', STATUS[lastStatus].label) : [],
       detailRow('Last finished', formatDateTime(detail ? parseDate(detail.last_run_at) : job.lastRun)),
-      detailRow('Next scheduled', formatDateTime(detail ? parseDate(detail.next_run_at) : job.nextRun)),
+      detailRow('Next scheduled', formatDateTime(detail ? parseDate(detail.next_run_at) : job.nextRun, 'Not scheduled')),
       detailRow('Duration', formatDuration(detail?.duration_seconds)),
       detailRow('Size', formatBytes(detail?.size_bytes)),
       detailRow('Source', detail?.source_system)));

public/js/format.js

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ export function parseDate(value) {
   return Number.isNaN(d.getTime()) ? null : d;
 }
 
-export const formatDateTime = (d) => (d ? dateTimeFmt.format(d) : '—');
+export const formatDateTime = (d, emptyLabel = '—') => (d ? dateTimeFmt.format(d) : emptyLabel);
 export const formatTime = (d) => timeFmt.format(d);
 
 export function formatRelative(d, now = Date.now()) {