Read Veeam next run from the live schedule

On VBR 13 a job's ScheduleOptions property is a stale snapshot: NextRun
is empty (and its LatestRunLocal years old), so every Veeam job showed
no next run and could never be flagged Overdue. GetScheduleOptions() /
Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions return the live schedule ("2026-10-09
12:15:00 AM"). Use GetScheduleOptions(), falling back to the property.

Immediate-mode backup copy jobs (IsContinuous) have a live NextRun too,
but it's a stale date months in the past, which would show as Overdue;
keep reporting no next run for them.

Parsing tries the current culture, then invariant; VBR 13's format
parsed correctly under en-CA, en-US, fr-CA and en-GB. Mock updated to
VBR 13's schedule shape.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 <[email protected]>

.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+.venv/
+venv/
+.pytest_cache/
+*.db
+*.db-wal
+*.db-shm

README.md

@@ -1,3 +1,108 @@
 # Backup-Dashboard
 
-Proof of concept backup dashboard, intended to display backup jobs from multiple sources
+Proof of concept backup dashboard, intended to display backup jobs from multiple sources.
+
+```
+collectors ──POST /api/v1/ingest (API key)──▶ ┌──────────────┐
+                                              │ FastAPI +    │
+browser ──nginx (basic auth, TLS)──▶ /api/* ─▶│ SQLite       │
+        └─ static files: public/              └──────────────┘
+```
+
+- `public/`: static frontend (no build step). Add `?mock=1` to the URL to use built-in sample data.
+- `backend/`: FastAPI API backed by a single SQLite file.
+- `deploy/`: nginx site and systemd unit.
+- `collectors/`: scripts that report results from backup products ([Veeam B&R](collectors/veeam/README.md), [Azure Backup / MARS](collectors/mars/README.md), [Windows Server Backup](collectors/wsb/README.md)).
+
+## Data model
+
+- **Tenant** (company) → **Job** → **Run**.
+- A job is keyed by `(tenant, source_system, job.external_id)`, so renaming a job at the source updates it instead of creating a duplicate.
+- A run has `status` (`running` | `success` | `warning` | `failed`), `started_at` and `finished_at`.
+  The dashboard's **Last Run** is the most recent `finished_at`. While a job is running it shows
+  **Running**, and Last Run still shows when the previous run finished.
+- Runs older than `BACKUP_DASH_RETENTION_DAYS` (default 90, minimum 30) are purged every 6 hours.
+
+## Reporting results (collectors)
+
+Each collector (a script on a Veeam server, a webhook relay, etc.) gets its own API key:
+
+```bash
+cd backend && python manage.py create-key veeam-acme
+```
+
+Then it POSTs one report per run. Send `running` when a run starts (optional) and the final status
+when it ends. Reports with the same `started_at` (or `run.external_id`) update the same run, and
+retries are safe.
+
+```bash
+curl -X POST https://backups.example.com/api/v1/ingest \
+  -H "Authorization: Bearer bdk_..." -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
+  -d '{
+    "tenant": "Acme Corp",
+    "source_system": "Veeam B&R",
+    "job": { "external_id": "4f1c…", "name": "File Server – Nightly", "next_run_at": "2026-10-05T22:00:00-04:00" },
+    "run": {
+      "status": "success",
+      "started_at": "2026-10-04T22:00:05-04:00",
+      "finished_at": "2026-10-04T22:47:12-04:00",
+      "message": "Job completed successfully.",
+      "size_bytes": 128849018880,
+      "details": { "repository": "REPO-01" }
+    }
+  }'
+```
+
+- All timestamps must include a timezone offset (`Get-Date -Format o` in PowerShell does this).
+- `job.next_run_at` controls the **Overdue** flag. If you omit it, the stored value is kept. If you send `null`, it's cleared.
+- `run` can be omitted to only register or update a job.
+- Unknown fields are rejected (HTTP 422), so typos in collector scripts fail loudly.
+
+## API (read)
+
+| Endpoint | Returns |
+|---|---|
+| `GET /api/v1/jobs` | All jobs with current status, `running_since`, `last_run_at`, `next_run_at` |
+| `GET /api/v1/jobs/{id}` | One job, plus the last finished run's duration, size, message and details |
+| `GET /api/v1/jobs/{id}/runs?days=30` | Run history (no messages), newest first |
+| `GET /api/v1/runs/{id}` | One run including message and details |
+| `GET /api/v1/health` | `{"status": "ok"}` |
+
+The OpenAPI schema is at `/api/v1/openapi.json`.
+
+## Authentication
+
+- **Dashboard users:** nginx basic auth over HTTPS (`deploy/nginx.conf`). Every user can see every tenant.
+  *Planned:* Microsoft 365 sign-in through [oauth2-proxy](https://oauth2-proxy.github.io/oauth2-proxy/)
+  with the Entra ID provider and nginx `auth_request`. That's an nginx-only change. The frontend
+  already tells the user to reload when a session expires (HTTP 401).
+- **Collectors:** per-collector bearer keys, checked by the app. Only a SHA-256 hash is stored.
+  To revoke one, run `python manage.py revoke-key NAME`.
+
+## Development
+
+```bash
+cd backend
+python -m venv .venv && . .venv/bin/activate
+pip install -r requirements.txt -r requirements-dev.txt
+pytest
+python manage.py --create seed-demo            # 30 days of fake history in ./backup-dashboard.db
+BACKUP_DASH_SERVE_STATIC=1 uvicorn --factory app.main:create_app --reload
+# → http://localhost:8000
+```
+
+## Deployment (Linux, nginx)
+
+1. Copy the repo to `/opt/backup-dashboard`, create a venv at `/opt/backup-dashboard/venv`, and run `pip install -r backend/requirements.txt`.
+2. Copy `deploy/backup-dashboard.env` to `/etc/backup-dashboard/backup-dashboard.env`. Both the service and `manage.py` read their settings from it.
+3. Create a `backupdash` system user, then install `deploy/backup-dashboard-api.service` into `/etc/systemd/system/` and enable it. The database is created on first start.
+4. Copy `public/` to `/var/www/backup-dashboard/public`, install `deploy/nginx.conf`, get a certificate with certbot, and create users with `htpasswd -B`.
+5. Run `manage.py` as the service user. It finds the database through the env file:
+   ```bash
+   cd /opt/backup-dashboard/backend
+   sudo -u backupdash /opt/backup-dashboard/venv/bin/python manage.py create-key veeam-acme
+   ```
+   It prints the database path it's using and won't create a new database unless you pass `--create`.
+
+Back up the SQLite file with `sqlite3 backup-dashboard.db ".backup copy.db"`. Don't use a plain `cp`
+while the service is running.

backend/.gitignore

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+__pycache__/
+*.pyc
+.venv/
+venv/
+.pytest_cache/
+*.db
+*.db-wal
+*.db-shm

backend/app/auth.py

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+"""Collector (machine) authentication.
+
+Dashboard *users* are authenticated by nginx in front of the app (basic auth today,
+oauth2-proxy + Microsoft Entra ID later), so nothing here deals with people.
+"""
+
+import hashlib
+import secrets
+import sqlite3
+
+from fastapi import Depends, Header, HTTPException
+
+from .db import get_db
+from .timeutil import to_db, utcnow
+
+KEY_PREFIX = "bdk_"
+
+
+def generate_key() -> str:
+    return KEY_PREFIX + secrets.token_urlsafe(32)
+
+
+def hash_key(key: str) -> str:
+    # Keys are 256-bit random, so a fast unsalted hash is fine (no dictionary to attack).
+    return hashlib.sha256(key.encode()).hexdigest()
+
+
+def require_ingest_key(
+    authorization: str | None = Header(None),
+    conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(get_db),
+) -> str:
+    scheme, _, token = (authorization or "").partition(" ")
+    token = token.strip()
+    if scheme.lower() != "bearer" or not token:
+        raise HTTPException(401, "Missing bearer token", headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"})
+    row = conn.execute(
+        "SELECT id, name FROM api_keys WHERE key_hash = ? AND revoked_at IS NULL", (hash_key(token),)
+    ).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        raise HTTPException(401, "Invalid or revoked API key", headers={"WWW-Authenticate": "Bearer"})
+    conn.execute("UPDATE api_keys SET last_used_at = ? WHERE id = ?", (to_db(utcnow()), row["id"]))
+    return row["name"]

backend/app/db.py

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import sqlite3
+from collections.abc import Iterator
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import Request
+
+SCHEMA_VERSION = 1
+
+SCHEMA = """
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tenants (
+    id   INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+    name TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE COLLATE NOCASE
+);
+
+-- A job is identified by (tenant, source system, the source's own job id), so two
+-- products can't collide and renaming a job in Veeam doesn't create a duplicate.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS jobs (
+    id            INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+    tenant_id     INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES tenants(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    source_system TEXT NOT NULL,
+    external_id   TEXT NOT NULL,
+    name          TEXT NOT NULL,
+    next_run_at   TEXT,
+    created_at    TEXT NOT NULL,
+    updated_at    TEXT NOT NULL,
+    UNIQUE (tenant_id, source_system, external_id)
+);
+
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS runs (
+    id          INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+    job_id      INTEGER NOT NULL REFERENCES jobs(id) ON DELETE CASCADE,
+    external_id TEXT NOT NULL,
+    status      TEXT NOT NULL CHECK (status IN ('running', 'success', 'warning', 'failed')),
+    started_at  TEXT NOT NULL,
+    finished_at TEXT,
+    message     TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
+    size_bytes  INTEGER,
+    details     TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT '{}',
+    received_at TEXT NOT NULL,
+    CHECK ((status = 'running') = (finished_at IS NULL)),
+    UNIQUE (job_id, external_id)
+);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS runs_job_started  ON runs (job_id, started_at);
+CREATE INDEX IF NOT EXISTS runs_job_finished ON runs (job_id, finished_at);
+
+-- Keys used by collectors to push results. Only the SHA-256 is stored.
+CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS api_keys (
+    id           INTEGER PRIMARY KEY,
+    name         TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    key_hash     TEXT NOT NULL UNIQUE,
+    created_at   TEXT NOT NULL,
+    last_used_at TEXT,
+    revoked_at   TEXT
+);
+"""
+
+
+def connect(path: Path | str) -> sqlite3.Connection:
+    # Autocommit mode; writes that must be atomic go through transaction().
+    # check_same_thread=False: FastAPI may run a dependency and its endpoint on different
+    # threadpool threads, but a connection is only ever used by one request at a time.
+    conn = sqlite3.connect(path, timeout=10, isolation_level=None, check_same_thread=False)
+    conn.row_factory = sqlite3.Row
+    conn.execute("PRAGMA foreign_keys = ON")
+    conn.execute("PRAGMA busy_timeout = 10000")
+    return conn
+
+
+def init_db(path: Path | str) -> None:
+    conn = connect(path)
+    try:
+        conn.execute("PRAGMA journal_mode = WAL")
+        version = conn.execute("PRAGMA user_version").fetchone()[0]
+        if version > SCHEMA_VERSION:
+            raise RuntimeError(f"Database schema v{version} is newer than this app (v{SCHEMA_VERSION})")
+        conn.executescript(SCHEMA)
+        conn.execute(f"PRAGMA user_version = {SCHEMA_VERSION}")
+    finally:
+        conn.close()
+
+
+@contextmanager
+def transaction(conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> Iterator[None]:
+    conn.execute("BEGIN IMMEDIATE")
+    try:
+        yield
+    except BaseException:
+        conn.execute("ROLLBACK")
+        raise
+    conn.execute("COMMIT")
+
+
+def get_db(request: Request) -> Iterator[sqlite3.Connection]:
+    conn = connect(request.app.state.settings.db_path)
+    try:
+        yield conn
+    finally:
+        conn.close()

backend/app/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+import asyncio
+import logging
+import sqlite3
+from contextlib import asynccontextmanager
+from datetime import timedelta
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from fastapi import APIRouter, Depends, FastAPI, HTTPException, Query, Request
+
+from . import db, repo
+from .auth import require_ingest_key
+from .models import IngestIn
+from .settings import HISTORY_DAYS, Settings, load_settings
+from .timeutil import to_db, utcnow
+
+log = logging.getLogger("backup_dashboard")
+PURGE_INTERVAL_SECONDS = 6 * 3600
+
+router = APIRouter(prefix="/api/v1")
+
+
+@router.get("/health")
+def health(conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(db.get_db)):
+    conn.execute("SELECT 1")
+    return {"status": "ok"}
+
+
+@router.get("/jobs")
+def list_jobs(conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(db.get_db)):
+    return {"generated_at": to_db(utcnow()), "jobs": repo.list_jobs(conn)}
+
+
+@router.get("/jobs/{job_id}")
+def get_job(job_id: int, conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(db.get_db)):
+    job = repo.get_job(conn, job_id)
+    if job is None:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "Job not found")
+    return job
+
+
+@router.get("/jobs/{job_id}/runs")
+def list_runs(
+    job_id: int,
+    days: int = Query(HISTORY_DAYS, ge=1, le=HISTORY_DAYS),
+    conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(db.get_db),
+):
+    if conn.execute("SELECT 1 FROM jobs WHERE id = ?", (job_id,)).fetchone() is None:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "Job not found")
+    since = utcnow() - timedelta(days=days)
+    return {"job_id": job_id, "since": to_db(since), "runs": repo.list_runs(conn, job_id, since)}
+
+
+@router.get("/runs/{run_id}")
+def get_run(run_id: int, conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(db.get_db)):
+    run = repo.get_run(conn, run_id)
+    if run is None:
+        raise HTTPException(404, "Run not found")
+    return run
+
+
+@router.post("/ingest")
+def ingest(
+    item: IngestIn,
+    key_name: str = Depends(require_ingest_key),
+    conn: sqlite3.Connection = Depends(db.get_db),
+):
+    job_id, run_id = repo.ingest(conn, item)
+    log.info("ingest key=%s tenant=%r job=%r run=%s", key_name, item.tenant, item.job.name, run_id)
+    return {"job_id": job_id, "run_id": run_id}
+
+
+async def _purge_loop(settings: Settings) -> None:
+    def purge() -> int:
+        conn = db.connect(settings.db_path)
+        try:
+            return repo.purge_old_runs(conn, settings.retention_days)
+        finally:
+            conn.close()
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            if deleted := await asyncio.to_thread(purge):
+                log.info("purged %d runs older than %d days", deleted, settings.retention_days)
+        except Exception:
+            log.exception("run purge failed")
+        await asyncio.sleep(PURGE_INTERVAL_SECONDS)
+
+
+def create_app(settings: Settings | None = None) -> FastAPI:
+    settings = settings or load_settings()
+
+    @asynccontextmanager
+    async def lifespan(app: FastAPI):
+        db.init_db(settings.db_path)
+        task = asyncio.create_task(_purge_loop(settings))
+        try:
+            yield
+        finally:
+            task.cancel()
+
+    # Interactive docs are off: nginx's strict CSP would block their CDN assets anyway.
+    app = FastAPI(
+        title="Backup Dashboard API",
+        lifespan=lifespan,
+        docs_url=None,
+        redoc_url=None,
+        openapi_url="/api/v1/openapi.json",
+    )
+    app.state.settings = settings
+    app.include_router(router)
+
+    if settings.serve_static:
+        from fastapi.staticfiles import StaticFiles
+
+        public = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[2] / "public"
+        app.mount("/", StaticFiles(directory=public, html=True), name="static")
+
+    return app

backend/app/models.py

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+import json
+from typing import Annotated, Any, Literal
+
+from pydantic import AwareDatetime, BaseModel, ConfigDict, Field, StringConstraints, field_validator, model_validator
+
+RunStatus = Literal["running", "success", "warning", "failed"]
+Name = Annotated[str, StringConstraints(strip_whitespace=True, min_length=1, max_length=200)]
+
+MAX_MESSAGE_CHARS = 32_000
+MAX_DETAILS_BYTES = 16_000
+
+
+class Strict(BaseModel):
+    # Reject unknown fields so a typo in a collector script fails loudly instead of being dropped.
+    model_config = ConfigDict(extra="forbid")
+
+
+class JobIn(Strict):
+    external_id: Name = Field(description="The source system's own stable ID for the job")
+    name: Name
+    # Omit to leave the stored value untouched; send null to clear it.
+    next_run_at: AwareDatetime | None = None
+
+
+class RunIn(Strict):
+    external_id: Name | None = Field(
+        None, description="The source's ID for this run. Defaults to started_at, so a 'running' "
+                          "report and its later completion report merge into one run.")
+    status: RunStatus
+    started_at: AwareDatetime
+    # Omit for a finished run to use the time the report was received.
+    finished_at: AwareDatetime | None = None
+    message: str = ""
+    size_bytes: int | None = Field(None, ge=0)
+    details: dict[str, Any] = Field(default_factory=dict)
+
+    @field_validator("message")
+    @classmethod
+    def truncate_message(cls, v: str) -> str:
+        # Backup logs can be huge; keep the head, which is where the summary usually is.
+        return v if len(v) <= MAX_MESSAGE_CHARS else v[:MAX_MESSAGE_CHARS] + "\n… [truncated]"
+
+    @field_validator("details")
+    @classmethod
+    def limit_details(cls, v: dict[str, Any]) -> dict[str, Any]:
+        if len(json.dumps(v)) > MAX_DETAILS_BYTES:
+            raise ValueError(f"details must serialize to at most {MAX_DETAILS_BYTES} bytes")
+        return v
+
+    @model_validator(mode="after")
+    def check_times(self) -> "RunIn":
+        if self.status == "running" and self.finished_at is not None:
+            raise ValueError("a running run cannot have finished_at")
+        if self.finished_at is not None and self.finished_at < self.started_at:
+            raise ValueError("finished_at is before started_at")
+        return self
+
+
+class IngestIn(Strict):
+    tenant: Name = Field(description="Company name as shown on the dashboard")
+    source_system: Annotated[str, StringConstraints(strip_whitespace=True, min_length=1, max_length=100)]
+    job: JobIn
+    run: RunIn | None = Field(None, description="Omit to only register/update the job (e.g. next_run_at)")

backend/app/repo.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+import json
+import sqlite3
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta
+from typing import Any
+
+from .db import transaction
+from .models import IngestIn
+from .timeutil import to_db, utcnow
+
+# One row per job: `cur` is the most recent run (may be in progress), `fin` the most recent
+# finished one. "Last run" on the dashboard is fin.finished_at, so a job that's currently
+# running still shows when its previous run completed.
+_JOB_SQL = """
+SELECT j.id, t.name AS company_name, j.name AS job_name, j.source_system, j.next_run_at,
+       cur.status,
+       CASE WHEN cur.status = 'running' THEN cur.started_at END AS running_since,
+       fin.status      AS last_status,
+       fin.started_at  AS last_started_at,
+       fin.finished_at AS last_run_at,
+       unixepoch(fin.finished_at) - unixepoch(fin.started_at) AS duration_seconds,
+       fin.size_bytes,
+       fin.details,
+       COALESCE(fin.message, cur.message, '') AS message
+FROM jobs j
+JOIN tenants t ON t.id = j.tenant_id
+LEFT JOIN runs cur ON cur.id = (
+    SELECT r.id FROM runs r WHERE r.job_id = j.id
+    ORDER BY r.started_at DESC, r.id DESC LIMIT 1)
+LEFT JOIN runs fin ON fin.id = (
+    SELECT r.id FROM runs r WHERE r.job_id = j.id AND r.finished_at IS NOT NULL
+    ORDER BY r.finished_at DESC, r.id DESC LIMIT 1)
+"""
+
+_SUMMARY_FIELDS = (
+    "id", "company_name", "job_name", "source_system", "status",
+    "running_since", "last_run_at", "next_run_at", "message",
+)
+
+
+def list_jobs(conn: sqlite3.Connection) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    rows = conn.execute(_JOB_SQL + " ORDER BY t.name, j.name").fetchall()
+    return [{k: row[k] for k in _SUMMARY_FIELDS} for row in rows]
+
+
+def get_job(conn: sqlite3.Connection, job_id: int) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    row = conn.execute(_JOB_SQL + " WHERE j.id = ?", (job_id,)).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        return None
+    job = dict(row)
+    job["details"] = json.loads(job["details"]) if job["details"] else {}
+    return job
+
+
+def list_runs(conn: sqlite3.Connection, job_id: int, since: datetime) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
+    # Messages/details are left out: an hourly job has ~720 runs a month and logs can be large.
+    # The UI fetches a single run's full record on demand.
+    rows = conn.execute(
+        """
+        SELECT id, status, started_at, finished_at,
+               unixepoch(finished_at) - unixepoch(started_at) AS duration_seconds, size_bytes
+        FROM runs WHERE job_id = ? AND started_at >= ?
+        ORDER BY started_at DESC, id DESC
+        """,
+        (job_id, to_db(since)),
+    ).fetchall()
+    return [dict(r) for r in rows]
+
+
+def get_run(conn: sqlite3.Connection, run_id: int) -> dict[str, Any] | None:
+    row = conn.execute(
+        """
+        SELECT id, job_id, status, started_at, finished_at,
+               unixepoch(finished_at) - unixepoch(started_at) AS duration_seconds,
+               size_bytes, message, details
+        FROM runs WHERE id = ?
+        """,
+        (run_id,),
+    ).fetchone()
+    if row is None:
+        return None
+    run = dict(row)
+    run["details"] = json.loads(run["details"])
+    return run
+
+
+def ingest(conn: sqlite3.Connection, item: IngestIn) -> tuple[int, int | None]:
+    """Upsert tenant → job → run. Safe to call repeatedly with the same payload."""
+    now = utcnow()
+    now_s = to_db(now)
+    with transaction(conn):
+        conn.execute("INSERT INTO tenants (name) VALUES (?) ON CONFLICT (name) DO NOTHING", (item.tenant,))
+        tenant_id = conn.execute("SELECT id FROM tenants WHERE name = ?", (item.tenant,)).fetchone()[0]
+
+        job_id = conn.execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO jobs (tenant_id, source_system, external_id, name, next_run_at, created_at, updated_at)
+            VALUES (:tenant_id, :source, :ext, :name, :next_run, :now, :now)
+            ON CONFLICT (tenant_id, source_system, external_id) DO UPDATE SET
+                name        = excluded.name,
+                next_run_at = CASE WHEN :set_next_run THEN excluded.next_run_at ELSE jobs.next_run_at END,
+                updated_at  = excluded.updated_at
+            RETURNING id
+            """,
+            {
+                "tenant_id": tenant_id,
+                "source": item.source_system,
+                "ext": item.job.external_id,
+                "name": item.job.name,
+                "next_run": to_db(item.job.next_run_at) if item.job.next_run_at else None,
+                "set_next_run": "next_run_at" in item.job.model_fields_set,
+                "now": now_s,
+            },
+        ).fetchone()[0]
+
+        if item.run is None:
+            return job_id, None
+
+        run = item.run
+        started = to_db(run.started_at)
+        finished = None
+        if run.status != "running":
+            finished = to_db(run.finished_at or max(now, run.started_at))
+        params = {
+            "job_id": job_id,
+            "ext": run.external_id or started,
+            "status": run.status,
+            "started": started,
+            "finished": finished,
+            "message": run.message,
+            "size": run.size_bytes,
+            "details": json.dumps(run.details),
+            "now": now_s,
+        }
+        # The WHERE stops a late/retried "running" report from reopening a run that already finished.
+        row = conn.execute(
+            """
+            INSERT INTO runs (job_id, external_id, status, started_at, finished_at, message,
+                              size_bytes, details, received_at)
+            VALUES (:job_id, :ext, :status, :started, :finished, :message, :size, :details, :now)
+            ON CONFLICT (job_id, external_id) DO UPDATE SET
+                status      = excluded.status,
+                started_at  = excluded.started_at,
+                finished_at = excluded.finished_at,
+                message     = excluded.message,
+                size_bytes  = excluded.size_bytes,
+                details     = excluded.details,
+                received_at = excluded.received_at
+            WHERE NOT (runs.status != 'running' AND excluded.status = 'running')
+            RETURNING id
+            """,
+            params,
+        ).fetchone()
+        if row is None:
+            row = conn.execute(
+                "SELECT id FROM runs WHERE job_id = :job_id AND external_id = :ext", params
+            ).fetchone()
+        return job_id, row[0]
+
+
+def purge_old_runs(conn: sqlite3.Connection, retention_days: int) -> int:
+    cutoff = to_db(utcnow() - timedelta(days=retention_days))
+    return conn.execute("DELETE FROM runs WHERE started_at < ?", (cutoff,)).rowcount

backend/app/settings.py

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+import os
+from dataclasses import dataclass
+from pathlib import Path
+
+# The modal shows this many days of run history; retention can never be shorter.
+HISTORY_DAYS = 30
+
+# Shared by the systemd service (EnvironmentFile=) and manage.py, so both always use the same DB.
+DEFAULT_ENV_FILE = "/etc/backup-dashboard/backup-dashboard.env"
+
+
+@dataclass(frozen=True)
+class Settings:
+    db_path: Path
+    retention_days: int = 90
+    # Dev only: serve ../public from the API so you can run without nginx.
+    serve_static: bool = False
+
+
+def read_env_file(path: Path) -> dict[str, str]:
+    """Parse simple KEY=VALUE lines (the subset systemd's EnvironmentFile accepts)."""
+    values = {}
+    try:
+        lines = path.read_text().splitlines()
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        return values
+    for line in lines:
+        line = line.strip()
+        if not line or line.startswith("#") or "=" not in line:
+            continue
+        key, _, value = line.partition("=")
+        values[key.strip()] = value.strip().strip("\"'")
+    return values
+
+
+def load_settings() -> Settings:
+    # Real environment variables win over the env file; the env file wins over dev defaults.
+    env = read_env_file(Path(os.environ.get("BACKUP_DASH_ENV_FILE", DEFAULT_ENV_FILE))) | os.environ
+    return Settings(
+        db_path=Path(env.get("BACKUP_DASH_DB", "backup-dashboard.db")),
+        retention_days=max(HISTORY_DAYS, int(env.get("BACKUP_DASH_RETENTION_DAYS", "90"))),
+        serve_static=env.get("BACKUP_DASH_SERVE_STATIC") == "1",
+    )

backend/app/timeutil.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+from datetime import UTC, datetime
+
+# Every timestamp in the DB uses this exact format, so string comparison == chronological comparison.
+DB_FORMAT = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ"
+
+
+def utcnow() -> datetime:
+    return datetime.now(UTC).replace(microsecond=0)
+
+
+def to_db(dt: datetime) -> str:
+    return dt.astimezone(UTC).strftime(DB_FORMAT)

backend/manage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Admin CLI. Finds the database the same way the API does: BACKUP_DASH_DB from the environment,
+else from /etc/backup-dashboard/backup-dashboard.env, else ./backup-dashboard.db (dev).
+Run it as the service user so files it creates stay writable by the API:
+
+    sudo -u backupdash /opt/backup-dashboard/venv/bin/python manage.py create-key veeam-acme
+
+    python manage.py create-key veeam-acme      # prints the key once
+    python manage.py list-keys
+    python manage.py revoke-key veeam-acme
+    python manage.py list-jobs
+    python manage.py delete-job 12              # e.g. a decommissioned job stuck as Overdue
+    python manage.py seed-demo                  # 30 days of fake history for trying the UI
+    python manage.py --db ./dev.db --create seed-demo
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import random
+import sys
+from datetime import timedelta
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from app import db, repo
+from app.auth import generate_key, hash_key
+from app.models import IngestIn
+from app.settings import DEFAULT_ENV_FILE, load_settings
+from app.timeutil import to_db, utcnow
+
+
+def create_key(conn, args):
+    key = generate_key()
+    try:
+        conn.execute(
+            "INSERT INTO api_keys (name, key_hash, created_at) VALUES (?, ?, ?)",
+            (args.name, hash_key(key), to_db(utcnow())),
+        )
+    except db.sqlite3.IntegrityError:
+        sys.exit(f"A key named {args.name!r} already exists")
+    print(f"API key for {args.name!r} (shown once, store it in the collector's config):\n{key}")
+
+
+def list_keys(conn, args):
+    for r in conn.execute("SELECT name, created_at, last_used_at, revoked_at FROM api_keys ORDER BY name"):
+        state = f"revoked {r['revoked_at']}" if r["revoked_at"] else "active"
+        print(f"{r['name']:<30} {state:<30} created {r['created_at']}  last used {r['last_used_at'] or 'never'}")
+
+
+def revoke_key(conn, args):
+    cur = conn.execute(
+        "UPDATE api_keys SET revoked_at = ? WHERE name = ? AND revoked_at IS NULL", (to_db(utcnow()), args.name)
+    )
+    sys.exit(0 if cur.rowcount else f"No active key named {args.name!r}")
+
+
+def list_jobs(conn, args):
+    for j in repo.list_jobs(conn):
+        print(f"{j['id']:>5}  {j['company_name']:<28} {j['job_name']:<40} {j['status'] or '-':<8} last {j['last_run_at'] or 'never'}")
+
+
+def delete_job(conn, args):
+    cur = conn.execute("DELETE FROM jobs WHERE id = ?", (args.job_id,))
+    sys.exit(0 if cur.rowcount else f"No job with id {args.job_id}")
+
+
+DEMO = [
+    ("Acme Corp", "Veeam B&R", "File Server - Nightly", 24),
+    ("Acme Corp", "Veeam B&R", "SQL01 - Transaction Logs", 4),
+    ("Bluewater Dental", "Datto", "Workstations - Daily", 24),
+    ("Bluewater Dental", "Datto", "Imaging Server - Hourly", 1),
+    ("Northfield Logistics", "Acronis", "Exchange - Nightly", 24),
+]
+
+
+def seed_demo(conn, args):
+    rng = random.Random(42)
+    now = utcnow()
+    for tenant, source, name, every_h in DEMO:
+        ext = name.lower().replace(" ", "-")
+        # Offset so runs don't all line up exactly on the current time
+        start = now - timedelta(days=30) + timedelta(minutes=rng.randint(5, every_h * 60 - 5))
+        while start < now:
+            dur = timedelta(minutes=rng.randint(2, 50 if every_h > 1 else 15))
+            end = start + dur
+            status = "running" if end > now else rng.choices(["success", "warning", "failed"], [90, 7, 3])[0]
+            run = {"status": status, "started_at": start.isoformat()}
+            if status != "running":
+                run |= {"finished_at": end.isoformat(), "size_bytes": rng.randint(10**8, 10**11),
+                        "message": {"success": "Job completed successfully.",
+                                    "warning": "Completed with warnings: 1 file skipped (locked).",
+                                    "failed": "Error: target repository unreachable."}[status]}
+            repo.ingest(conn, IngestIn.model_validate({
+                "tenant": tenant, "source_system": source,
+                "job": {"external_id": ext, "name": name,
+                        "next_run_at": (start + timedelta(hours=every_h)).isoformat()},
+                "run": run,
+            }))
+            start += timedelta(hours=every_h)
+    print(f"Seeded {len(DEMO)} demo jobs")
+
+
+def main():
+    p = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__, formatter_class=argparse.RawDescriptionHelpFormatter)
+    p.add_argument("--db", type=Path, help="database file (overrides BACKUP_DASH_DB and the env file)")
+    p.add_argument("--create", action="store_true", help="create the database if it doesn't exist")
+    sub = p.add_subparsers(required=True)
+    s = sub.add_parser("create-key"); s.add_argument("name"); s.set_defaults(fn=create_key)
+    s = sub.add_parser("list-keys"); s.set_defaults(fn=list_keys)
+    s = sub.add_parser("revoke-key"); s.add_argument("name"); s.set_defaults(fn=revoke_key)
+    s = sub.add_parser("list-jobs"); s.set_defaults(fn=list_jobs)
+    s = sub.add_parser("delete-job"); s.add_argument("job_id", type=int); s.set_defaults(fn=delete_job)
+    s = sub.add_parser("seed-demo"); s.set_defaults(fn=seed_demo)
+    args = p.parse_args()
+
+    db_path = args.db or load_settings().db_path
+    # Refuse to silently create a fresh DB: that almost always means we're looking in the wrong
+    # place, and anything written there (like a new API key) would be invisible to the service.
+    if not db_path.exists() and not args.create:
+        sys.exit(
+            f"Database not found: {db_path.resolve()}\n"
+            f"Set BACKUP_DASH_DB in {DEFAULT_ENV_FILE} (or pass --db), "
+            "or add --create to start a new database there."
+        )
+    print(f"Using database {db_path.resolve()}", file=sys.stderr)
+    db.init_db(db_path)
+    conn = db.connect(db_path)
+    try:
+        args.fn(conn, args)
+    finally:
+        conn.close()
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

backend/pytest.ini

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+[pytest]
+pythonpath = .

backend/requirements-dev.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+httpx
+pytest

backend/requirements.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+fastapi>=0.115
+uvicorn[standard]>=0.30

backend/tests/test_api.py

@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+from datetime import timedelta
+
+import pytest
+from fastapi.testclient import TestClient
+
+from app import db
+from app.auth import generate_key, hash_key
+from app.main import create_app
+from app.settings import Settings
+from app.timeutil import to_db, utcnow
+
+
+@pytest.fixture
+def client(tmp_path):
+    settings = Settings(db_path=tmp_path / "test.db")
+    with TestClient(create_app(settings)) as c:
+        key = generate_key()
+        conn = db.connect(settings.db_path)
+        conn.execute("INSERT INTO api_keys (name, key_hash, created_at) VALUES ('test', ?, ?)",
+                     (hash_key(key), to_db(utcnow())))
+        conn.close()
+        c.headers["Authorization"] = f"Bearer {key}"
+        yield c
+
+
+def iso(delta: timedelta) -> str:
+    return (utcnow() + delta).isoformat()
+
+
+def payload(run=None, **job):
+    body = {"tenant": "Acme Corp", "source_system": "Veeam B&R",
+            "job": {"external_id": "job-1", "name": "File Server", **job}}
+    if run is not None:
+        body["run"] = run
+    return body
+
+
+def test_ingest_requires_valid_key(client):
+    assert client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload(), headers={"Authorization": ""}).status_code == 401
+    assert client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload(), headers={"Authorization": "Bearer nope"}).status_code == 401
+
+
+def test_running_then_finished_merges_into_one_run(client):
+    started = iso(-timedelta(hours=1))
+    r = client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload({"status": "running", "started_at": started}))
+    assert r.status_code == 200, r.text
+    job_id = r.json()["job_id"]
+
+    job = client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"][0]
+    assert job["status"] == "running"
+    assert job["running_since"] is not None
+    assert job["last_run_at"] is None  # nothing has finished yet
+
+    finished = iso(-timedelta(minutes=10))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload(
+        {"status": "warning", "started_at": started, "finished_at": finished, "message": "1 file skipped"}))
+
+    detail = client.get(f"/api/v1/jobs/{job_id}").json()
+    assert detail["status"] == "warning"
+    assert detail["running_since"] is None
+    assert detail["last_run_at"] == to_db(utcnow().fromisoformat(finished))
+    assert detail["duration_seconds"] == 50 * 60
+    assert detail["message"] == "1 file skipped"
+    assert len(client.get(f"/api/v1/jobs/{job_id}/runs").json()["runs"]) == 1
+
+
+def test_late_running_report_does_not_reopen_finished_run(client):
+    started = iso(-timedelta(hours=1))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload({"status": "success", "started_at": started, "finished_at": iso(-timedelta(minutes=5))}))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload({"status": "running", "started_at": started}))
+    assert client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"][0]["status"] == "success"
+
+
+def test_last_run_is_previous_finish_while_new_run_in_progress(client):
+    prev_end = iso(-timedelta(hours=23))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload({"status": "failed", "started_at": iso(-timedelta(hours=24)), "finished_at": prev_end, "message": "boom"}))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload({"status": "running", "started_at": iso(-timedelta(minutes=5))}))
+    job = client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"][0]
+    assert job["status"] == "running"
+    assert job["last_run_at"] == to_db(utcnow().fromisoformat(prev_end))
+    detail = client.get(f"/api/v1/jobs/{job['id']}").json()
+    assert detail["last_status"] == "failed"
+    assert detail["message"] == "boom"
+
+
+def test_next_run_at_only_changes_when_sent(client):
+    nxt = iso(timedelta(hours=5))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload(next_run_at=nxt))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload())  # omitted → keep
+    assert client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"][0]["next_run_at"] == to_db(utcnow().fromisoformat(nxt))
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload(next_run_at=None))  # explicit null → clear
+    assert client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"][0]["next_run_at"] is None
+
+
+def test_history_window_and_run_detail(client):
+    for days_ago in (40, 20, 1):
+        start = iso(-timedelta(days=days_ago))
+        client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload({"status": "success", "started_at": start,
+                                                     "finished_at": start, "message": f"{days_ago}d"}))
+    job_id = client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"][0]["id"]
+    runs = client.get(f"/api/v1/jobs/{job_id}/runs").json()["runs"]
+    assert len(runs) == 2  # the 40-day-old run is outside the 30-day window
+    assert "message" not in runs[0]
+    run = client.get(f"/api/v1/runs/{runs[0]['id']}").json()
+    assert run["message"] == "1d"
+    assert client.get(f"/api/v1/jobs/{job_id}/runs?days=31").status_code == 422
+
+
+@pytest.mark.parametrize("run", [
+    {"status": "running", "started_at": iso(-timedelta(hours=1)), "finished_at": iso(timedelta(0))},
+    {"status": "success", "started_at": iso(timedelta(0)), "finished_at": iso(-timedelta(hours=1))},
+    {"status": "success", "started_at": "2026-01-01T00:00:00"},  # no timezone
+    {"status": "done", "started_at": iso(timedelta(0))},
+])
+def test_rejects_bad_runs(client, run):
+    assert client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload(run)).status_code == 422
+
+
+def test_tenant_name_is_case_insensitive(client):
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=payload())
+    body = payload()
+    body["tenant"] = "ACME CORP"
+    client.post("/api/v1/ingest", json=body)
+    assert len(client.get("/api/v1/jobs").json()["jobs"]) == 1

backend/tests/test_manage.py

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+from app.settings import load_settings
+
+BACKEND = Path(__file__).resolve().parents[1]
+
+
+def run_manage(*args, env, cwd):
+    return subprocess.run([sys.executable, str(BACKEND / "manage.py"), *args],
+                          capture_output=True, text=True, env=env, cwd=cwd)
+
+
+def base_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    env_file = tmp_path / "backup-dashboard.env"
+    monkeypatch.setenv("BACKUP_DASH_ENV_FILE", str(env_file))
+    monkeypatch.delenv("BACKUP_DASH_DB", raising=False)
+    return env_file, {"BACKUP_DASH_ENV_FILE": str(env_file), "PYTHONPATH": str(BACKEND), "PATH": "/usr/bin:/bin"}
+
+
+def test_env_file_supplies_db_path_and_real_env_wins(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    env_file, _ = base_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch)
+    env_file.write_text('# comment\nBACKUP_DASH_DB="/srv/from-file.db"\nBACKUP_DASH_RETENTION_DAYS=120\n')
+    assert load_settings().db_path == Path("/srv/from-file.db")
+    assert load_settings().retention_days == 120
+    monkeypatch.setenv("BACKUP_DASH_DB", "/srv/from-env.db")
+    assert load_settings().db_path == Path("/srv/from-env.db")
+
+
+def test_manage_refuses_to_create_db_implicitly(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    _, env = base_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch)
+    workdir = tmp_path / "somewhere-else"
+    workdir.mkdir()
+    r = run_manage("create-key", "k", env=env, cwd=workdir)
+    assert r.returncode != 0
+    assert "Database not found" in r.stderr
+    assert not (workdir / "backup-dashboard.db").exists()
+
+
+def test_manage_uses_db_from_env_file(tmp_path, monkeypatch):
+    env_file, env = base_env(tmp_path, monkeypatch)
+    service_db = tmp_path / "service.db"
+    env_file.write_text(f"BACKUP_DASH_DB={service_db}\n")
+    assert run_manage("--create", "list-keys", env=env, cwd=tmp_path).returncode == 0  # service's first start
+    workdir = tmp_path / "somewhere-else"
+    workdir.mkdir()
+    r = run_manage("create-key", "veeam-acme", env=env, cwd=workdir)
+    assert r.returncode == 0, r.stderr
+    assert str(service_db) in r.stderr
+    assert "veeam-acme" in run_manage("list-keys", env=env, cwd=tmp_path).stdout
+    assert not (workdir / "backup-dashboard.db").exists()

collectors/mars/Get-MarsCollectorDiagnostics.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Read-only dump of what the MARS agent's cmdlets return, for troubleshooting the collector.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    The collector reads properties of Get-OBJob / Get-OBPolicy / Get-OBSchedule results whose names
+    aren't documented. This prints those objects' real structure (property names, types and values,
+    a few levels deep) so mismatches can be fixed. Nothing is changed. Output is also saved to a
+    text file.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Get-MarsCollectorDiagnostics.ps1
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [int]$Jobs = 3,
+    [string]$OutFile = (Join-Path $env:TEMP 'mars-collector-diagnostics.txt')
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$MaxDepth = 6
+
+if (-not (Get-Command Get-OBJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
+    if (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name MSOnlineBackup) {
+        Import-Module MSOnlineBackup
+    } else {
+        Import-Module (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Microsoft Azure Recovery Services Agent\bin\Modules\MSOnlineBackup')
+    }
+}
+
+function Test-Scalar($Value) {
+    return $null -eq $Value -or $Value -is [string] -or $Value -is [ValueType] -or $Value -is [guid]
+}
+
+# Recursive "name (type) = value" listing. Collections show their first 3 items.
+function Show-Object($Value, [string]$Indent = '  ', [int]$Depth = 0) {
+    if (Test-Scalar $Value) { return }
+    if ($Depth -ge $MaxDepth) { "$Indent..."; return }
+    if ($Value -is [Collections.IEnumerable]) {
+        $items = @($Value)
+        "$Indent[$($items.Count) item(s)]"
+        $i = 0
+        foreach ($item in $items | Select-Object -First 3) {
+            "$Indent[$i] ($($item.GetType().FullName))$(if (Test-Scalar $item) { " = $item" })"
+            Show-Object $item "$Indent    " ($Depth + 1)
+            $i++
+        }
+        return
+    }
+    foreach ($p in $Value.PSObject.Properties) {
+        try { $v = $p.Value } catch { "$Indent$($p.Name) = <error: $($_.Exception.Message)>"; continue }
+        $type = if ($null -eq $v) { 'null' } else { $v.GetType().FullName }
+        if (Test-Scalar $v) {
+            "$Indent$($p.Name) ($type) = $v"
+        } else {
+            $text = [string]$v
+            if ($text.Length -gt 100) { $text = $text.Substring(0, 97) + '...' }
+            "$Indent$($p.Name) ($type) = $text"
+            Show-Object $v "$Indent    " ($Depth + 1)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function Show-Section([string]$Title, [scriptblock]$Get) {
+    "== $Title"
+    try {
+        $result = @(& $Get)
+        if ($result.Count -eq 0 -or ($result.Count -eq 1 -and $null -eq $result[0])) { '  (nothing returned)' }
+        $n = 0
+        foreach ($item in $result) {
+            if ($null -eq $item) { continue }
+            "  [$n] ($($item.GetType().FullName))"
+            Show-Object $item '      '
+            $n++
+        }
+    } catch {
+        "  error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+    ''
+}
+
+$report = & {
+    $agent = try {
+        (Get-Item (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Microsoft Azure Recovery Services Agent\bin\cbengine.exe')).VersionInfo.ProductVersion
+    } catch { 'unknown' }
+    "Generated $(Get-Date -Format o) on $env:COMPUTERNAME, MARS agent $agent, PowerShell $($PSVersionTable.PSVersion)"
+    ''
+    Show-Section 'Get-OBJob (in progress)' { Get-OBJob }
+    Show-Section "Get-OBJob -Previous $Jobs" { Get-OBJob -Previous $Jobs }
+    Show-Section 'Get-OBPolicy' { Get-OBPolicy }
+    Show-Section 'Get-OBPolicy | Get-OBSchedule' { Get-OBSchedule -Policy (Get-OBPolicy) }
+    if (Get-Command Get-OBSystemStatePolicy -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        Show-Section 'Get-OBSystemStatePolicy | Get-OBSchedule' {
+            $ssPolicy = Get-OBSystemStatePolicy
+            if ($ssPolicy) { Get-OBSchedule -Policy $ssPolicy } else { '(no System State policy configured)' }
+        }
+    }
+} | Out-String -Width 300
+
+$report
+$report | Set-Content -Path $OutFile -Encoding UTF8
+Write-Host "Saved to $OutFile"

collectors/mars/Install-MarsCollector.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Installs the MARS (Azure Backup agent) collector as a SYSTEM scheduled task.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    - Copies Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1 to Program Files (only admins can modify it, which
+      matters because it runs as SYSTEM).
+    - Writes the config to ProgramData\BackupDashboard and restricts that folder to SYSTEM and
+      Administrators, since it contains the API key.
+    - Registers a scheduled task that runs every IntervalMinutes under Windows PowerShell 5.1
+      (powershell.exe), which the agent's MSOnlineBackup module targets.
+    Safe to re-run to change settings or update the script. Can sit alongside the Veeam collector.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Install-MarsCollector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+    (prompts for the API key)
+#>
+#Requires -RunAsAdministrator
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$ApiUrl,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Tenant,
+    # Name shown on the dashboard; defaults to "<server> - Azure Backup"
+    [string]$JobName,
+    [string]$SourceSystem = 'Azure Backup (MARS)',
+    [ValidateRange(5, 1440)][int]$IntervalMinutes = 60,
+    [ValidateRange(1, 720)][int]$LookbackHours = 48,
+    [string]$InstallDir = (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'BackupDashboard')
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$TaskName = 'Backup Dashboard - MARS collector'
+$DataDir = Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard'
+$ConfigPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'mars-collector.json'
+$WindowsPowerShell = Join-Path $env:SystemRoot 'System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe'
+
+# Check the agent is here before changing anything
+$agentModule = Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Microsoft Azure Recovery Services Agent\bin\Modules\MSOnlineBackup'
+if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name MSOnlineBackup) -and -not (Test-Path $agentModule)) {
+    throw 'The MARS agent (MSOnlineBackup PowerShell module) is not installed on this server.'
+}
+
+if ($ApiUrl -notmatch '^https://') {
+    Write-Warning 'ApiUrl is not HTTPS: the API key would be sent in clear text.'
+}
+
+# Read the key as a SecureString so it isn't echoed to the console or kept in shell history
+$secure = Read-Host -AsSecureString 'API key (from: python manage.py create-key <name>)'
+$bstr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($secure)
+try { $apiKey = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringBSTR($bstr) }
+finally { [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ZeroFreeBSTR($bstr) }
+if (-not $apiKey.StartsWith('bdk_')) { throw "That doesn't look like a dashboard API key (expected 'bdk_...')." }
+
+# Config folder: SYSTEM + Administrators only (SIDs so this works on non-English Windows)
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $DataDir -Force | Out-Null
+& icacls.exe $DataDir /inheritance:r /grant:r '*S-1-5-18:(OI)(CI)F' '*S-1-5-32-544:(OI)(CI)F' | Out-Null
+if ($LASTEXITCODE) { throw "icacls failed on $DataDir" }
+
+$config = [ordered]@{
+    ApiUrl        = $ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/')
+    ApiKey        = $apiKey
+    Tenant        = $Tenant
+    SourceSystem  = $SourceSystem
+    LookbackHours = $LookbackHours
+}
+if ($JobName) { $config.JobName = $JobName }
+$config | ConvertTo-Json | Set-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Encoding UTF8
+
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $InstallDir -Force | Out-Null
+$scriptPath = Join-Path $InstallDir 'Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1'
+Copy-Item -Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1') -Destination $scriptPath -Force
+Unblock-File -Path $scriptPath
+
+$action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute $WindowsPowerShell `
+    -Argument "-NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$scriptPath`""
+$trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Once -At (Get-Date).AddMinutes(1) `
+    -RepetitionInterval (New-TimeSpan -Minutes $IntervalMinutes)
+$principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserId 'S-1-5-18' -LogonType ServiceAccount -RunLevel Highest
+$settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -ExecutionTimeLimit (New-TimeSpan -Minutes 30) `
+    -MultipleInstances IgnoreNew -StartWhenAvailable
+Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName $TaskName -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -Principal $principal `
+    -Settings $settings -Description 'Sends Azure Backup (MARS) results to the Backup Dashboard' -Force | Out-Null
+
+Write-Host "Installed. Config: $ConfigPath"
+Write-Host "Task '$TaskName' runs every $IntervalMinutes minutes as SYSTEM, using Windows PowerShell."
+Write-Host ''
+Write-Host 'Next steps:'
+Write-Host "  1. Preview what will be sent:   & '$WindowsPowerShell' -File '$scriptPath' -DryRun"
+Write-Host "  2. Backfill 30 days of history: & '$WindowsPowerShell' -File '$scriptPath' -LookbackHours 720"
+Write-Host "  3. Check the log:               Get-Content '$DataDir\mars-collector.log' -Tail 20"

collectors/mars/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+# Azure Backup (MARS agent) collector
+
+A PowerShell script that runs on each server with the Microsoft Azure Recovery Services (MARS)
+agent and reports its backups to the dashboard. Each server appears as one job,
+named `<SERVER> - Azure Backup` by default.
+
+> **Checked against:** MARS agent 2.0.9274, a Files & Folders policy with completed backups only.
+> Not yet seen on a real agent: a failed backup, a backup in progress, or a System State policy.
+> Those paths are written to the same object model, but if one looks wrong, run
+> `Get-MarsCollectorDiagnostics.ps1` while it's in that state and send the output.
+
+## Install (on the server, as an administrator)
+
+Runs under Windows PowerShell 5.1 (`powershell.exe`), which the agent's `MSOnlineBackup` module
+targets and which every supported Windows Server has.
+
+1. On the dashboard host, create a key for this server:
+   ```bash
+   python manage.py create-key mars-acme-fs01
+   ```
+2. Copy this folder to the server and run:
+   ```powershell
+   .\Install-MarsCollector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+   ```
+   Add `-JobName "File Server"` to choose the name shown on the dashboard. It prompts for the
+   key, then:
+   - writes `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\mars-collector.json` (readable only by SYSTEM and Administrators)
+   - copies the script to `C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\`
+   - registers the scheduled task **Backup Dashboard - MARS collector** (SYSTEM, every 60 minutes)
+3. Preview the payloads, then backfill 30 days so the history view is populated straight away:
+   ```powershell
+   powershell.exe -File 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1' -DryRun
+   powershell.exe -File 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1' -LookbackHours 720
+   ```
+
+It can be installed alongside the Veeam collector: it uses its own config, state, log and task.
+Re-run the installer to change settings or update the script.
+
+## What it sends
+
+| Dashboard | MARS |
+|---|---|
+| Company | `Tenant` from the config |
+| Job | One per server, ID `mars:<computer name>`, so changing `JobName` renames rather than duplicates it |
+| Status | Backup job state: Failed → **Failed**. Completed with failed bytes or an error → **Warning**. Aborted/cancelled or unrecognised → **Warning**. In progress → **Running**. Restore jobs are ignored |
+| Started / finished | Job start / end time. MARS reports these in UTC without marking them as UTC; the collector handles that |
+| Next scheduled | Next slot from the backup policy schedule, or the System State policy's if that's sooner. Empty (so never Overdue) for schedules that run every 2+ weeks, since which week is next can't be told |
+| Message | Job and per-datasource errors (non-zero error codes), failed file counts, and the failed-file log path |
+| Size | Bytes transferred, summed across datasources |
+
+Each run covers the last 48 hours (`LookbackHours`). Jobs already delivered are recorded in
+`mars-collector.state.json`.
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+- Log: `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\mars-collector.log`. Exit codes: `0` OK, `1` some runs
+  failed to send (retried next run), `2` setup failed (config or MARS module).
+- Wrong status, sizes or messages: run `.\Get-MarsCollectorDiagnostics.ps1` (read-only). It prints
+  the real structure of the objects the agent's cmdlets return.
+
+## Testing without MARS
+
+```powershell
+. ./tests/MockMars.ps1
+./Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+```

collectors/mars/Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,413 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Reports Microsoft Azure Recovery Services (MARS) agent backups to the Backup Dashboard.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    Runs on a server with the MARS agent, normally as a SYSTEM scheduled task every 60 minutes
+    (see Install-MarsCollector.ps1). The server appears on the dashboard as one job. Each run sends:
+      - the next scheduled backup, worked out from the backup (and System State) policy schedules,
+        which drives the dashboard's Overdue flag, and
+      - every backup job from the last LookbackHours that the dashboard hasn't already received in
+        its final state. A backup in progress is sent as Running until it finishes.
+
+    Already-reported jobs are tracked in a state file, and the ingest API is idempotent, so a
+    failed or repeated run is harmless: anything not confirmed is retried next time.
+
+    Written for Windows PowerShell 5.1, which the MARS agent's MSOnlineBackup module targets.
+
+.PARAMETER ConfigPath
+    JSON config with ApiUrl, ApiKey and Tenant (optional: JobName, SourceSystem, LookbackHours).
+
+.PARAMETER LookbackHours
+    Overrides the config value. Use 720 once to backfill 30 days of history.
+
+.PARAMETER DryRun
+    Print the payloads instead of sending them. Doesn't touch the state or log files.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1 -DryRun
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1 -LookbackHours 720
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [string]$ConfigPath = (Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard\mars-collector.json'),
+    [int]$LookbackHours = 0,
+    [switch]$DryRun
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+$DataDir = Split-Path -Parent $ConfigPath
+$LogPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'mars-collector.log'
+$StatePath = Join-Path $DataDir 'mars-collector.state.json'
+$MaxLogBytes = 5MB
+# MARS keeps a limited job history; this comfortably covers 30 days at 3 backups a day
+$MaxPreviousJobs = 200
+$Invariant = [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture
+
+# ---------- Helpers ----------
+
+function Write-Log {
+    param([string]$Message, [string]$Level = 'INFO')
+    $line = '{0} [{1}] {2}' -f (Get-Date).ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'), $Level, $Message
+    Write-Host $line
+    if ($DryRun) { return }
+    if ((Test-Path $LogPath) -and (Get-Item $LogPath).Length -gt $MaxLogBytes) {
+        Move-Item $LogPath "$LogPath.1" -Force
+    }
+    Add-Content -Path $LogPath -Value $line -Encoding UTF8
+}
+
+function Get-ErrorText($ErrorRecord) {
+    # Windows PowerShell puts the HTTP response body (e.g. the API's 422 explanation) here
+    if ($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails -and $ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message) {
+        return "$($ErrorRecord.Exception.Message) $($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message)"
+    }
+    return $ErrorRecord.Exception.Message
+}
+
+# The API needs an explicit UTC offset. DateTimeOffset keeps a Local/Unspecified time as local and a
+# Utc time as +00:00.
+function ConvertTo-IsoTime($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return $null }
+    $dt = [datetime]$Value
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }  # "not set" (MARS uses 1601-01-01)
+    return ([DateTimeOffset]$dt).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:sszzz", $Invariant)
+}
+
+# First property of $Object, out of $Names, that exists and isn't empty. MARS object property names
+# aren't documented, so reads go through this rather than assuming one spelling.
+function Get-FirstValue($Object, [string[]]$Names) {
+    if ($null -eq $Object) { return $null }
+    foreach ($name in $Names) {
+        try {
+            $prop = $Object.PSObject.Properties[$name]
+            if (-not $prop) { continue }
+            $value = $prop.Value
+            # Check emptiness by type: casting to [string] would make a one-item list of objects ''
+            if ($null -eq $value) { continue }
+            if ($value -is [string] -and $value -eq '') { continue }
+            if ($value -is [Collections.ICollection] -and $value.Count -eq 0) { continue }
+            return $value
+        } catch { }
+    }
+    return $null
+}
+
+function Import-Mars {
+    if (Get-Command Get-OBJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { return }  # already loaded
+    if (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name MSOnlineBackup) {
+        Import-Module MSOnlineBackup
+        return
+    }
+    # The agent normally adds its module folder to PSModulePath; fall back to the default install path
+    $agentModule = Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'Microsoft Azure Recovery Services Agent\bin\Modules\MSOnlineBackup'
+    Import-Module $agentModule
+}
+
+# ---------- Schedule ----------
+
+# Next slot strictly after $After for a MARS schedule (days of week + times of day).
+# Returns $null when there's no schedule, or when it runs every N>1 weeks: we can't tell which
+# week is next, and a wrong guess would raise a false Overdue alarm.
+function Get-NextSlot($Schedule, [datetime]$After) {
+    if ($null -eq $Schedule) { return $null }
+    $weeks = Get-FirstValue $Schedule @('ScheduleWeeklyFrequency', 'WeeksInterval')
+    if ($weeks -and [int]$weeks -gt 1) { return $null }
+
+    $days = @(Get-FirstValue $Schedule @('ScheduleRunDays', 'DaysOfWeek') | ForEach-Object { [string]$_ })
+    # TimeSpans (time of day, local) on real agents; accept DateTimes too
+    $times = @(Get-FirstValue $Schedule @('ScheduleRunTimes', 'TimesOfDay') | ForEach-Object {
+        if ($_ -is [timespan]) { $_ } else { ([datetime]$_).TimeOfDay }
+    } | Sort-Object)
+    if ($days.Count -eq 0 -or $times.Count -eq 0) { return $null }
+
+    for ($offset = 0; $offset -le 7; $offset++) {
+        $date = $After.Date.AddDays($offset)
+        if ($days -notcontains [string]$date.DayOfWeek) { continue }
+        foreach ($time in $times) {
+            $candidate = $date + $time
+            if ($candidate -gt $After) { return $candidate }
+        }
+    }
+    return $null
+}
+
+function Get-NextRun {
+    $next = $null
+    $policies = @()
+    try { $policies += @(Get-OBPolicy) } catch { Write-Log "Couldn't read the backup policy: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN' }
+    # Windows Server can have a separate System State policy with its own schedule
+    if (Get-Command Get-OBSystemStatePolicy -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        try { $policies += @(Get-OBSystemStatePolicy) } catch { }
+    }
+    foreach ($policy in $policies) {
+        if ($null -eq $policy) { continue }
+        try {
+            $slot = Get-NextSlot (Get-OBSchedule -Policy $policy) (Get-Date)
+            if ($slot -and (-not $next -or $slot -lt $next)) { $next = $slot }
+        } catch {
+            Write-Log "Couldn't read a policy schedule: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+        }
+    }
+    return ConvertTo-IsoTime $next
+}
+
+# ---------- Jobs ----------
+
+# A job's StartTime/EndTime are UTC values, though not necessarily marked as UTC: on a real agent
+# StartTime matched the "StartTimeUTC" in the status text, while DisplayTime held local time.
+# Returns $null for "not set" (1601-01-01), e.g. EndTime while a backup is running.
+function Get-JobTimeUtc($Job, [string]$Field) {
+    $value = Get-FirstValue $Job.JobStatus @($Field)
+    if ($null -eq $value) { return $null }
+    $dt = [datetime]$value
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }
+    return [datetime]::SpecifyKind($dt, [DateTimeKind]::Utc)
+}
+
+# MARS always includes an ErrorInfo; ErrorCode 0 means no error
+function Test-HasError($ErrorInfo) {
+    if (-not $ErrorInfo) { return $false }
+    $code = Get-FirstValue $ErrorInfo @('ErrorCode')
+    $detailed = Get-FirstValue $ErrorInfo @('DetailedErrorCode')
+    return ($code -and [long]$code -ne 0) -or ($detailed -and [long]$detailed -ne 0)
+}
+
+# DatasourceStatus.Datasource is an object whose DataSourceName is e.g. "E:\" or "System State"
+function Get-DatasourceName($DatasourceStatus) {
+    $ds = Get-FirstValue $DatasourceStatus @('Datasource', 'DataSource')
+    $name = Get-FirstValue $ds @('DataSourceName', 'FriendlyNameDSPS', 'Name')
+    if ($name) { return [string]$name }
+    if ($ds -is [string]) { return $ds }
+    return 'Datasource'
+}
+
+function Get-FailedFiles($Job) {
+    $sum = [long]0
+    foreach ($ds in Get-DatasourceStatuses $Job) {
+        $value = Get-FirstValue (Get-FirstValue $ds @('FileProgress')) @('Failed')
+        if ($value) { $sum += [long]$value }
+    }
+    return $sum
+}
+
+function Get-JobStatus($Job) {
+    $status = $Job.JobStatus
+    $state = [string](Get-FirstValue $status @('JobState', 'State'))
+    if (-not (Get-JobTimeUtc $Job 'EndTime') -and $state -notmatch 'Fail|Abort|Cancel|Complete|Success|Succeed|Warn') {
+        return 'running'
+    }
+    if ($state -match 'Fail') { return 'failed' }
+    if ($state -match 'Warn|Abort|Cancel|Stop') { return 'warning' }
+    if ($state -match 'Complete|Success|Succeed') {
+        # MARS can report Completed while individual files failed or an error was recorded
+        if ((Get-FailedBytes $Job) -gt 0 -or (Get-FailedFiles $Job) -gt 0 -or
+            (Test-HasError (Get-FirstValue $status @('ErrorInfo')))) { return 'warning' }
+        return 'success'
+    }
+    return 'warning'  # finished in a state we don't recognise: surface it rather than hide it
+}
+
+function Get-DatasourceStatuses($Job) {
+    return @(Get-FirstValue $Job.JobStatus @('DatasourceStatus', 'DataSourceStatus') | Where-Object { $_ })
+}
+
+function Get-ByteTotal($Job, [string]$Field) {
+    $sum = [long]0
+    foreach ($ds in Get-DatasourceStatuses $Job) {
+        $progress = Get-FirstValue $ds @('ByteProgress')
+        $value = Get-FirstValue $progress @($Field)
+        if ($value) { $sum += [long]$value }
+    }
+    return $sum
+}
+
+function Get-FailedBytes($Job) { return Get-ByteTotal $Job 'Failed' }
+
+function Format-ErrorInfo($ErrorInfo) {
+    if (-not (Test-HasError $ErrorInfo)) { return $null }
+    $text = Get-FirstValue $ErrorInfo @('ErrorMessage', 'Message', 'Description')
+    if ($text) { return ([string]$text).Trim() }
+    $code = Get-FirstValue $ErrorInfo @('ErrorCode', 'DetailedErrorCode')
+    $params = @(Get-FirstValue $ErrorInfo @('ErrorParamList') | Where-Object { $_ } | ForEach-Object {
+        $name = Get-FirstValue $_ @('Name')
+        $value = Get-FirstValue $_ @('Value')
+        if ($name) { "$name=$value" } else { [string]$_ }
+    } | Where-Object { $_ })
+    $line = if ($code) { "Error code $code" } else { [string]$ErrorInfo }
+    if ($params.Count) { $line += " ($($params -join ', '))" }
+    return $line
+}
+
+function Get-RunMessage($Job, [string]$Status) {
+    $lines = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.List[string]'
+    $state = [string](Get-FirstValue $Job.JobStatus @('JobState', 'State'))
+    $jobError = Format-ErrorInfo (Get-FirstValue $Job.JobStatus @('ErrorInfo'))
+    if ($jobError) { $lines.Add($jobError) }
+
+    foreach ($ds in Get-DatasourceStatuses $Job) {
+        $name = Get-DatasourceName $ds
+        $dsError = Format-ErrorInfo (Get-FirstValue $ds @('ErrorInfo'))
+        $failedFiles = Get-FirstValue (Get-FirstValue $ds @('FileProgress')) @('Failed')
+        $failedBytes = Get-FirstValue (Get-FirstValue $ds @('ByteProgress')) @('Failed')
+        if ($dsError) { $lines.Add("${name}: $dsError") }
+        if ($failedFiles -and [long]$failedFiles -gt 0) { $lines.Add("${name}: $failedFiles file(s) failed to back up") }
+        elseif ($failedBytes -and [long]$failedBytes -gt 0) { $lines.Add("${name}: $failedBytes bytes failed to back up") }
+    }
+    $failedLog = Get-FirstValue $Job.JobStatus @('FailedFileLog')
+    if ($failedLog -and $lines.Count) { $lines.Add("Failed file log: $failedLog") }
+
+    if ($lines.Count -eq 0) {
+        switch ($Status) {
+            'success' { return 'Backup completed successfully.' }
+            'running' { return '' }
+            default   { return "Backup finished with state '$state'." }
+        }
+    }
+    if ($state -and $Status -ne 'success') { $lines.Insert(0, "Job state: $state") }
+    return ($lines -join "`n")
+}
+
+function ConvertTo-Run($Job) {
+    $status = Get-JobStatus $Job
+    $datasources = @(Get-DatasourceStatuses $Job | ForEach-Object { Get-DatasourceName $_ })
+
+    $details = [ordered]@{ server = $env:COMPUTERNAME }
+    if ($datasources.Count) { $details.datasources = $datasources }
+    $agentState = Get-FirstValue $Job.JobStatus @('JobState', 'State')
+    if ($agentState) { $details.mars_state = [string]$agentState }
+
+    $run = [ordered]@{
+        external_id = [string]$Job.JobId
+        status      = $status
+        started_at  = ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-JobTimeUtc $Job 'StartTime')
+        message     = Get-RunMessage $Job $status
+        details     = $details
+    }
+    if ($status -ne 'running') {
+        $finished = ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-JobTimeUtc $Job 'EndTime')
+        if ($finished) { $run.finished_at = $finished }  # otherwise the API uses receipt time
+        $transferred = Get-ByteTotal $Job 'Progress'
+        if ($transferred -gt 0) { $run.size_bytes = $transferred }
+        $failedBytes = Get-FailedBytes $Job
+        if ($failedBytes -gt 0) { $details.failed_bytes = $failedBytes }
+        $failedFiles = Get-FailedFiles $Job
+        if ($failedFiles -gt 0) { $details.failed_files = $failedFiles }
+    }
+    return $run
+}
+
+function Test-IsBackupJob($Job) {
+    # Get-OBJob also lists restores (JobType Recovery); only backups belong on the dashboard
+    $type = [string](Get-FirstValue $Job @('JobType', 'Type'))
+    return (-not $type) -or $type -match 'Backup'
+}
+
+function Send-Report($Body) {
+    $json = $Body | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 6 -Compress
+    if ($DryRun) {
+        Write-Host $json
+        return
+    }
+    # Send bytes: Windows PowerShell would otherwise encode a string body as Latin-1
+    $params = @{
+        Uri         = "$($Config.ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/'))/api/v1/ingest"
+        Method      = 'Post'
+        Headers     = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $($Config.ApiKey)" }
+        ContentType = 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
+        Body        = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($json)
+        TimeoutSec  = 30
+    }
+    Invoke-RestMethod @params | Out-Null
+}
+
+# ---------- Main ----------
+
+try {
+    $Config = Get-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+    foreach ($key in 'ApiUrl', 'ApiKey', 'Tenant') {
+        if (-not $Config.$key) { throw "Config $ConfigPath is missing '$key'" }
+    }
+    $SourceSystem = if ($Config.SourceSystem) { [string]$Config.SourceSystem } else { 'Azure Backup (MARS)' }
+    $JobName = if ($Config.JobName) { [string]$Config.JobName } else { "$env:COMPUTERNAME - Azure Backup" }
+    if ($LookbackHours -le 0) {
+        $LookbackHours = if ($Config.LookbackHours) { [int]$Config.LookbackHours } else { 48 }
+    }
+
+    # Windows PowerShell 5.1 may default to TLS 1.0
+    [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+
+    Import-Mars
+
+    # Job ID -> start time (Unix seconds), for jobs already delivered in their final state
+    $sent = @{}
+    if (Test-Path $StatePath) {
+        $saved = Get-Content -Path $StatePath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+        if ($saved) { foreach ($p in $saved.PSObject.Properties) { $sent[$p.Name] = [long]$p.Value } }
+    }
+
+    $sinceUtc = (Get-Date).ToUniversalTime().AddHours(-$LookbackHours)
+    # Get-OBJob with no arguments lists jobs in progress; -Previous lists finished ones
+    $jobs = @(@(Get-OBJob) + @(Get-OBJob -Previous $MaxPreviousJobs) | Where-Object {
+        $_ -and (Test-IsBackupJob $_)
+    })
+    $byId = [ordered]@{}
+    foreach ($job in $jobs) {
+        $start = Get-JobTimeUtc $job 'StartTime'
+        if (-not $start -or $start -lt $sinceUtc) { continue }
+        $byId[[string]$job.JobId] = $job  # a job in both lists: the finished entry (later) wins
+    }
+    $pending = @($byId.Values |
+        Where-Object { -not $sent.ContainsKey([string]$_.JobId) } |
+        Sort-Object { Get-JobTimeUtc $_ 'StartTime' })
+
+    $jobInfo = [ordered]@{
+        # Stable per server, so renaming the dashboard job via JobName doesn't create a new one
+        external_id = "mars:$($env:COMPUTERNAME.ToLowerInvariant())"
+        name        = $JobName
+        # Always sent (null when unscheduled) so the dashboard's value tracks the agent's
+        next_run_at = Get-NextRun
+    }
+} catch {
+    Write-Log "Collector setup failed: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+    exit 2
+}
+
+$failures = 0
+$runsSent = 0
+try {
+    if ($pending.Count -eq 0) {
+        # Keep next_run_at fresh even when nothing new ran
+        Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $Config.Tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo })
+    }
+    foreach ($job in $pending) {
+        $run = ConvertTo-Run $job
+        Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $Config.Tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo; run = $run })
+        $runsSent++
+        if ($run.status -ne 'running') {
+            $sent[$run.external_id] = ([DateTimeOffset](Get-JobTimeUtc $job 'StartTime')).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+        }
+    }
+} catch {
+    $failures++
+    Write-Log "Failed to report: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+}
+
+if (-not $DryRun) {
+    # Forget jobs that have aged out of the lookback window (plus a day of slack)
+    $cutoff = [DateTimeOffset]::Now.AddHours(-$LookbackHours - 24).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+    $keep = [ordered]@{}
+    foreach ($id in $sent.Keys) {
+        if ($sent[$id] -ge $cutoff) { $keep[$id] = $sent[$id] }
+    }
+    try {
+        $keep | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Set-Content -Path $StatePath -Encoding UTF8
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't save state file: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Log ("Reported {0} runs, {1} failures" -f $runsSent, $failures)
+if ($failures) { exit 1 }

collectors/mars/tests/MockMars.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+# Stand-ins for the MARS agent cmdlets. Object shapes follow Get-MarsCollectorDiagnostics.ps1
+# output from a real agent (2.0.9274): job times are UTC values with no UTC marking, "not set" is
+# 1601-01-01, ErrorInfo is always present (ErrorCode 0 = no error), Datasource is an object, and
+# schedule times are TimeSpans.
+#
+#   . ./tests/MockMars.ps1
+#   ./Send-MarsBackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+
+# Fixed to the top of the hour, and IDs derived from times, so repeated runs see the same jobs
+$now = Get-Date -Minute 0 -Second 0 -Millisecond 0
+$notSet = [datetime]::new(1601, 1, 1)
+function New-StableGuid([string]$Seed) {
+    [guid]::new([Security.Cryptography.MD5]::Create().ComputeHash([Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($Seed)))
+}
+
+# Local time -> the UTC value MARS reports, with Kind Unspecified like the real objects
+function ConvertTo-MarsTime([datetime]$Local) {
+    [datetime]::SpecifyKind($Local.ToUniversalTime(), [DateTimeKind]::Unspecified)
+}
+
+function New-MockErrorInfo([int]$Code = 0, $Params = @()) {
+    [pscustomobject]@{ DetailedErrorCode = 0; DetailedErrorSource = $null; ErrorCode = $Code; ErrorParamList = $Params }
+}
+
+function New-MockDatasource($Name, [uint64]$Done, [uint64]$FailedBytes = 0, [uint64]$FailedFiles = 0, $ErrorInfo = (New-MockErrorInfo)) {
+    [pscustomobject]@{
+        ByteProgress = [pscustomobject]@{ Changed = $Done; Failed = $FailedBytes; Progress = $Done; Total = 2TB }
+        Datasource   = [pscustomobject]@{ DataSourceName = $Name; DataSourceId = 6310158806455554328 }
+        ErrorInfo    = $ErrorInfo
+        FileProgress = [pscustomobject]@{ Changed = 100; CurrentFile = ''; Failed = $FailedFiles; Progress = 100; Total = 100 }
+        JobState     = 'Completed'
+    }
+}
+
+function New-MockJob($Type, [datetime]$Start, $End, $State, $Datasources = @(), $ErrorInfo = (New-MockErrorInfo), $FailedFileLog = '') {
+    $endValue = if ($End) { ConvertTo-MarsTime $End } else { $notSet }
+    [pscustomobject]@{
+        IsRetried   = $false
+        JobId       = New-StableGuid "$Type|$($Start.Ticks)"
+        JobType     = $Type
+        DisplayTime = $Start  # the only local time on the object
+        JobStatus   = [pscustomobject]@{
+            DatasourceStatus = $Datasources
+            EndTime          = $endValue
+            ErrorInfo        = $ErrorInfo
+            FailedFileLog    = $FailedFileLog
+            JobState         = $State
+            StartTime        = ConvertTo-MarsTime $Start
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+$global:MockMarsRunning = @(
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddMinutes(-10) $null 'InProgress' @((New-MockDatasource 'E:\' 2GB)))
+)
+$global:MockMarsPrevious = @(
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-12) $now.AddHours(-11.5) 'Completed' @((New-MockDatasource 'E:\' 523407872))),
+    # Completed, but some files failed
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-36) $now.AddHours(-35) 'Completed' @(
+        (New-MockDatasource 'E:\' 3GB 40MB 12)) -FailedFileLog 'C:\Program Files\Microsoft Azure Recovery Services Agent\Temp\Errors.log'),
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-30) $now.AddHours(-29.5) 'Failed' @() `
+        (New-MockErrorInfo 100050 @([pscustomobject]@{ Name = 'Volume'; Value = 'E:' }))),
+    (New-MockJob 'Recovery' $now.AddHours(-5) $now.AddHours(-4) 'Completed'),  # a restore: must be ignored
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddDays(-5) $now.AddDays(-5).AddHours(1) 'Completed')  # outside 48h lookback
+)
+
+# Every day at 21:00 local, as on the real server
+$global:MockMarsSchedule = [pscustomobject]@{
+    ScheduleRunDays         = [DayOfWeek[]](0..6)
+    ScheduleRunTimes        = [timespan[]]@([timespan]::FromHours(21))
+    ScheduleWeeklyFrequency = 1
+    TypeOfBackupSchedule    = 'Daily'
+}
+
+function Get-OBJob { param([int]$Previous) if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Previous')) { $global:MockMarsPrevious } else { $global:MockMarsRunning } }
+function Get-OBPolicy { [pscustomobject]@{ PolicyName = 'policy'; BackupSchedule = $global:MockMarsSchedule } }
+function Get-OBSchedule { param($Policy) $global:MockMarsSchedule }
+function Get-OBSystemStatePolicy { $null }  # none configured, as on the real server

collectors/veeam/Get-VeeamCollectorDiagnostics.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Read-only report of how Veeam jobs and sessions relate, for troubleshooting the collector.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    The collector matches sessions to jobs by Session.JobId = Job.Id. When a job shows as
+    "Unknown" on the dashboard, no session matched. This lists:
+      1. every job from Get-VBRJob and how many sessions matched it
+      2. sessions whose JobId matches no job (the runs that are going missing)
+      3. for jobs with no matching sessions, their type/link-related properties and methods
+      4. what other job cmdlets (e.g. Get-VBRBackupCopyJob) return
+      5. each job's schedule properties, which the collector reads for the next run
+    Nothing is changed in Veeam or the dashboard. Output is also saved to a text file.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Get-VeeamCollectorDiagnostics.ps1
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Get-VeeamCollectorDiagnostics.ps1 -LookbackHours 168
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [int]$LookbackHours = 48,
+    [string]$OutFile = (Join-Path $env:TEMP 'veeam-collector-diagnostics.txt')
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$LinkPattern = 'Parent|Linked|Worker|Child|Policy|Source|Target|Type|Cloud|Mode|Session'
+
+if (-not (Get-Command Get-VBRJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
+    if (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Veeam.Backup.PowerShell) {
+        Import-Module Veeam.Backup.PowerShell -WarningAction SilentlyContinue
+    } else {
+        Add-PSSnapin VeeamPSSnapin
+    }
+}
+
+function Format-Value($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return '<null>' }
+    $text = ($Value | ForEach-Object { [string]$_ }) -join ', '
+    if ($text.Length -gt 120) { $text = $text.Substring(0, 117) + '...' }
+    return $text
+}
+
+# Property and method names matching $LinkPattern, with property values. Every read is guarded:
+# some Veeam properties throw when accessed.
+function Show-LinkMembers($Object, [string]$Pattern = $LinkPattern, [string]$Indent = '    ') {
+    foreach ($p in $Object.PSObject.Properties | Where-Object { $_.Name -match $Pattern }) {
+        $value = try { Format-Value $p.Value } catch { "<error: $($_.Exception.Message)>" }
+        '{0}{1} = {2}' -f $Indent, $p.Name, $value
+    }
+    $methods = @($Object | Get-Member -MemberType Methods -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
+        Where-Object { $_.Name -match $Pattern } | ForEach-Object Name)
+    if ($methods) { $Indent + 'methods: ' + ($methods -join ', ') }
+}
+
+function Get-Prop($Object, [string]$Name) {
+    try { Format-Value $Object.$Name } catch { '<error>' }
+}
+
+$report = & {
+    $vbrVersion = try {
+        (Get-Item (Join-Path ${env:ProgramFiles} 'Veeam\Backup and Replication\Backup\Veeam.Backup.Core.dll')).VersionInfo.ProductVersion
+    } catch { 'unknown' }
+    "Generated $(Get-Date -Format o) on $env:COMPUTERNAME, VBR $vbrVersion, PowerShell $($PSVersionTable.PSVersion)"
+    "Lookback: $LookbackHours hours"
+    ''
+
+    $since = (Get-Date).AddHours(-$LookbackHours)
+    $jobs = @(Get-VBRJob -WarningAction SilentlyContinue)
+    $sessions = @(Get-VBRBackupSession -WarningAction SilentlyContinue | Where-Object { $_.CreationTime -ge $since })
+    $jobIds = @{}
+    foreach ($j in $jobs) { $jobIds[$j.Id.ToString()] = $j }
+
+    '== 1. Jobs from Get-VBRJob'
+    $jobs | ForEach-Object {
+        $id = $_.Id.ToString()
+        [pscustomobject]@{
+            Name             = $_.Name
+            JobType          = Get-Prop $_ 'JobType'
+            TypeToString     = Get-Prop $_ 'TypeToString'
+            Id               = $id
+            MatchingSessions = @($sessions | Where-Object { $_.JobId.ToString() -eq $id }).Count
+        }
+    } | Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-String -Width 300
+
+    '== 2. Sessions whose JobId matches no job from Get-VBRJob'
+    $orphans = @($sessions | Where-Object { -not $jobIds.ContainsKey($_.JobId.ToString()) })
+    if ($orphans.Count -eq 0) {
+        '  (none)'
+    } else {
+        $orphans | Group-Object { $_.JobId.ToString() } | ForEach-Object {
+            $latest = $_.Group | Sort-Object CreationTime | Select-Object -Last 1
+            [pscustomobject]@{
+                JobId       = $_.Name
+                JobName     = Get-Prop $latest 'JobName'
+                JobType     = Get-Prop $latest 'JobType'
+                Sessions    = $_.Count
+                LatestStart = $latest.CreationTime
+                State       = Get-Prop $latest 'State'
+                Result      = Get-Prop $latest 'Result'
+            }
+        } | Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-String -Width 300
+
+        '  Link-related members of one orphan session:'
+        Show-LinkMembers $orphans[0]
+        ''
+        '  Job object for that session (via GetJob(), if available):'
+        try {
+            $owner = $orphans[0].GetJob()
+            '    Name = {0}, Id = {1}' -f (Get-Prop $owner 'Name'), (Get-Prop $owner 'Id')
+            Show-LinkMembers $owner
+        } catch {
+            "    not available: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+        }
+    }
+    ''
+
+    '== 3. Jobs with no matching sessions in the window'
+    $empty = @($jobs | Where-Object { $id = $_.Id.ToString(); -not ($sessions | Where-Object { $_.JobId.ToString() -eq $id }) })
+    if ($empty.Count -eq 0) { '  (none)' }
+    foreach ($j in $empty) {
+        "  $($j.Name)  [$($j.Id)]"
+        Show-LinkMembers $j
+        try {
+            $last = $j.FindLastSession()
+            if ($last) {
+                '    FindLastSession(): JobId = {0}, JobName = {1}, Start = {2}, Result = {3}' -f `
+                    (Get-Prop $last 'JobId'), (Get-Prop $last 'JobName'), $last.CreationTime, (Get-Prop $last 'Result')
+            } else {
+                '    FindLastSession(): <null>'
+            }
+        } catch {
+            "    FindLastSession(): not available: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+        }
+        ''
+    }
+
+    '== 4. Other job cmdlets'
+    foreach ($cmd in 'Get-VBRBackupCopyJob', 'Get-VBRComputerBackupCopyJob', 'Get-VBRComputerBackupJob') {
+        if (-not (Get-Command $cmd -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) { "  ${cmd}: not available"; continue }
+        try {
+            $found = @(& $cmd -WarningAction SilentlyContinue)
+            "  ${cmd}: $($found.Count) job(s)"
+            foreach ($f in $found) {
+                '    {0}  [{1}]  Type = {2}, Mode = {3}' -f (Get-Prop $f 'Name'), (Get-Prop $f 'Id'), (Get-Prop $f 'Type'), (Get-Prop $f 'Mode')
+            }
+        } catch {
+            "  ${cmd}: error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+        }
+    }
+    ''
+
+    # The collector uses IsScheduleEnabled and ScheduleOptions.NextRun; show what else is there in
+    # case this version keeps the next run somewhere different
+    "== 5. Schedules (culture: $([Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture.Name))"
+    $SchedulePattern = 'Schedul|Next|Latest|Run|Enabled|Daily|Periodic|Monthly|Continuous|After|Option'
+    foreach ($j in $jobs) {
+        "  $($j.Name)  [$(Get-Prop $j 'JobType')]"
+        Show-LinkMembers $j $SchedulePattern '    '
+        foreach ($source in 'ScheduleOptions', 'GetScheduleOptions()', 'Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions') {
+            try {
+                $opts = switch ($source) {
+                    'ScheduleOptions'           { $j.ScheduleOptions }
+                    'GetScheduleOptions()'      { $j.GetScheduleOptions() }
+                    'Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions' { Get-VBRJobScheduleOptions -Job $j -WarningAction SilentlyContinue }
+                }
+                if ($null -eq $opts) { "    ${source}: <null>"; continue }
+                "    ${source} ($($opts.GetType().FullName)):"
+                foreach ($p in $opts.PSObject.Properties) {
+                    $value = try { $p.Value } catch { "<error: $($_.Exception.Message)>" }
+                    $type = if ($null -eq $value) { 'null' } else { $value.GetType().Name }
+                    if ($value -is [string] -or $value -is [ValueType] -or $null -eq $value) {
+                        '        {0} ({1}) = {2}' -f $p.Name, $type, (Format-Value $value)
+                    } else {
+                        '        {0} ({1})' -f $p.Name, $type
+                    }
+                }
+            } catch {
+                "    ${source}: not available: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+            }
+        }
+        ''
+    }
+} | Out-String -Width 300
+
+$report
+$report | Set-Content -Path $OutFile -Encoding UTF8
+Write-Host "Saved to $OutFile"

collectors/veeam/Install-VeeamCollector.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Installs the Veeam collector on a VBR server as a SYSTEM scheduled task.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    - Copies Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1 to Program Files (only admins can modify it, which
+      matters because it runs as SYSTEM).
+    - Writes the config to ProgramData\BackupDashboard and restricts that folder to SYSTEM and
+      Administrators, since it contains the API key.
+    - Registers a scheduled task that runs every IntervalMinutes under PowerShell 7 (pwsh.exe),
+      which the Veeam module on VBR 13 expects. Install PowerShell 7 machine-wide (MSI or winget)
+      first: Microsoft Store installs can't be run by SYSTEM.
+    Safe to re-run to change settings or update the script.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Install-VeeamCollector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+    (prompts for the API key)
+#>
+#Requires -RunAsAdministrator
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$ApiUrl,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Tenant,
+    [string]$SourceSystem = 'Veeam B&R',
+    [ValidateRange(5, 1440)][int]$IntervalMinutes = 60,
+    [ValidateRange(1, 720)][int]$LookbackHours = 48,
+    [string]$InstallDir = (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'BackupDashboard'),
+    # Defaults to the machine-wide PowerShell 7 install
+    [string]$PwshPath
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$TaskName = 'Backup Dashboard - Veeam collector'
+$DataDir = Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard'
+$ConfigPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'veeam-collector.json'
+
+# Find PowerShell 7 before changing anything, so a missing install fails cleanly
+if (-not $PwshPath) {
+    $PwshPath = Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe'
+    if (-not (Test-Path $PwshPath)) {
+        $onPath = Get-Command pwsh.exe -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        if ($onPath) { $PwshPath = $onPath.Source }
+    }
+}
+if (-not (Test-Path $PwshPath)) {
+    throw "PowerShell 7 not found at '$PwshPath'. Install it machine-wide (e.g. winget install Microsoft.PowerShell) or pass -PwshPath."
+}
+if ($PwshPath -match '\\WindowsApps\\') {
+    throw "'$PwshPath' is a Microsoft Store install, which the SYSTEM account can't run. Install the MSI or winget version instead."
+}
+$pwshVersion = & $PwshPath -NoProfile -NonInteractive -Command '$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.ToString()'
+$pwshMajor = & $PwshPath -NoProfile -NonInteractive -Command '$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major'
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -or ($pwshMajor -as [int]) -lt 7) {
+    throw "'$PwshPath' isn't a working PowerShell 7 (reported '$pwshVersion')."
+}
+
+if ($ApiUrl -notmatch '^https://') {
+    Write-Warning 'ApiUrl is not HTTPS: the API key would be sent in clear text.'
+}
+
+# Read the key as a SecureString so it isn't echoed to the console or kept in shell history
+$secure = Read-Host -AsSecureString 'API key (from: python manage.py create-key <name>)'
+$bstr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($secure)
+try { $apiKey = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringBSTR($bstr) }
+finally { [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ZeroFreeBSTR($bstr) }
+if (-not $apiKey.StartsWith('bdk_')) { throw "That doesn't look like a dashboard API key (expected 'bdk_...')." }
+
+# Config folder: SYSTEM + Administrators only (SIDs so this works on non-English Windows)
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $DataDir -Force | Out-Null
+& icacls.exe $DataDir /inheritance:r /grant:r '*S-1-5-18:(OI)(CI)F' '*S-1-5-32-544:(OI)(CI)F' | Out-Null
+if ($LASTEXITCODE) { throw "icacls failed on $DataDir" }
+
+[ordered]@{
+    ApiUrl        = $ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/')
+    ApiKey        = $apiKey
+    Tenant        = $Tenant
+    SourceSystem  = $SourceSystem
+    LookbackHours = $LookbackHours
+} | ConvertTo-Json | Set-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Encoding UTF8
+
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $InstallDir -Force | Out-Null
+$scriptPath = Join-Path $InstallDir 'Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1'
+Copy-Item -Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1') -Destination $scriptPath -Force
+Unblock-File -Path $scriptPath
+
+$action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute $PwshPath `
+    -Argument "-NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$scriptPath`""
+$trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Once -At (Get-Date).AddMinutes(1) `
+    -RepetitionInterval (New-TimeSpan -Minutes $IntervalMinutes)
+$principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserId 'S-1-5-18' -LogonType ServiceAccount -RunLevel Highest
+$settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -ExecutionTimeLimit (New-TimeSpan -Minutes 30) `
+    -MultipleInstances IgnoreNew -StartWhenAvailable
+Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName $TaskName -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -Principal $principal `
+    -Settings $settings -Description 'Sends Veeam job results to the Backup Dashboard' -Force | Out-Null
+
+Write-Host "Installed. Config: $ConfigPath"
+Write-Host "Task '$TaskName' runs every $IntervalMinutes minutes as SYSTEM, using PowerShell $pwshVersion ($PwshPath)."
+Write-Host ''
+Write-Host 'Next steps:'
+Write-Host "  1. Preview what will be sent:   & '$PwshPath' -File '$scriptPath' -DryRun"
+Write-Host "  2. Backfill 30 days of history: & '$PwshPath' -File '$scriptPath' -LookbackHours 720"
+Write-Host "  3. Check the log:               Get-Content '$DataDir\veeam-collector.log' -Tail 20"

collectors/veeam/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+# Veeam Backup & Replication collector
+
+A PowerShell script that runs on each client's VBR server and reports job results to the dashboard.
+It covers jobs returned by `Get-VBRJob`: VM backup, replication and backup copy jobs.
+
+## Install (on the VBR server, as an administrator)
+
+Requires PowerShell 7 installed machine-wide (`winget install Microsoft.PowerShell` or the MSI),
+which VBR 13's Veeam module expects. The Microsoft Store version won't work, because the SYSTEM
+account can't run it. The installer checks for this before changing anything.
+
+1. On the dashboard host, create a key for this server:
+   ```bash
+   python manage.py create-key veeam-acme
+   ```
+2. Copy this folder to the VBR server and run, from PowerShell 7 (`pwsh`):
+   ```powershell
+   .\Install-VeeamCollector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+   ```
+   It prompts for the key, then:
+   - writes `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\veeam-collector.json` (readable only by SYSTEM and Administrators)
+   - copies the script to `C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\`
+   - registers the scheduled task **Backup Dashboard - Veeam collector** (SYSTEM, every 60 minutes,
+     run by `C:\Program Files\PowerShell\7\pwsh.exe`; use `-PwshPath` if it's installed elsewhere)
+3. Preview the payloads, then backfill 30 days so the history view is populated straight away
+   (from `pwsh`):
+   ```powershell
+   & 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1' -DryRun
+   & 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1' -LookbackHours 720
+   ```
+
+Re-run the installer to change settings or update the script. To remove the collector,
+delete the scheduled task and both `BackupDashboard` folders.
+
+## What it sends
+
+| Dashboard | Veeam |
+|---|---|
+| Company | `Tenant` from the config |
+| Job | Job name. The job's GUID is the ID, so renaming a job in Veeam doesn't duplicate it |
+| Status | Session result (Success / Warning / Failed). Any state other than Stopped is **Running**. A session that stopped with no result (e.g. cancelled) is reported as **Warning** |
+| Started / finished | Session `CreationTime` / `EndTime` |
+| Next scheduled | Job's next run, from the live schedule (`GetScheduleOptions()`). Sent as empty, so never flagged Overdue, for disabled jobs, chained ("run after") jobs, and immediate-mode backup copy jobs, which run whenever their source does |
+| Message | Session reason, each VM or object that didn't succeed, and warning/error lines from the session log |
+| Size | `BackupStats.BackupSize` |
+
+**Backup copy jobs (VBR 12+):** Veeam records their sessions under hidden per-source "worker" jobs.
+The collector files each worker session under its copy job (via the worker's `PolicyJobId`), so a
+copy job gets one run per source job it copies, with the source in `copied_from`.
+
+Each run covers the last 48 hours (`LookbackHours`), so a few missed runs (server rebooting, API
+down) fill in automatically. Sessions already delivered are recorded in
+`veeam-collector.state.json`. Running sessions are re-sent until they finish.
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+- Log: `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\veeam-collector.log` (rotates at 5 MB).
+- Exit codes: `0` OK, `1` some jobs failed to send (they're retried next run), `2` setup failed
+  (config, Veeam module, or Veeam connection).
+- `API key rejected`: the key was revoked or mistyped. Re-run the installer with a new key.
+- A job shows **Unknown** on the dashboard: the collector sent the job but matched no sessions to it.
+  Run `.\Get-VeeamCollectorDiagnostics.ps1` (read-only). It lists sessions whose job ID matches no
+  job, plus the type and link properties of the jobs left without sessions.
+- `Get-VBRBackupSession` loads every session in the VBR database. On a server with years of history,
+  this can make each run take a minute or more. The task's 30-minute limit and "don't start if
+  already running" setting keep that safe.
+
+## Testing without Veeam
+
+`tests/MockVeeam.ps1` defines stand-in `Get-VBRJob` / `Get-VBRBackupSession` cmdlets with a mix of
+success, warning, failed, running and disabled jobs:
+
+```powershell
+. ./tests/MockVeeam.ps1
+./Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+```
+
+## Not covered yet
+
+- Veeam Agent jobs managed by VBR (`Get-VBRComputerBackupJob`), tape jobs, and SureBackup.
+- Veeam Backup for Microsoft 365, which has its own PowerShell module.

collectors/veeam/Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Reports Veeam Backup & Replication job results to the Backup Dashboard.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    Runs on the VBR server, normally as a SYSTEM scheduled task every 60 minutes
+    (see Install-VeeamCollector.ps1). For every backup, replica and backup copy job it sends:
+      - the job's next scheduled run (drives the dashboard's Overdue flag), and
+      - every session from the last LookbackHours that the dashboard hasn't already received
+        in its final state. Running sessions are re-sent each time until they finish.
+
+    Already-reported sessions are tracked in a state file, and the ingest API is idempotent,
+    so a failed or repeated run is harmless: anything not confirmed is retried next time.
+
+    Compatible with Windows PowerShell 5.1 and PowerShell 7.
+
+.PARAMETER ConfigPath
+    JSON config with ApiUrl, ApiKey and Tenant (optional: SourceSystem, LookbackHours).
+
+.PARAMETER LookbackHours
+    Overrides the config value. Use 720 once to backfill 30 days of history.
+
+.PARAMETER DryRun
+    Print the payloads instead of sending them. Doesn't touch the state or log files.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1 -DryRun
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1 -LookbackHours 720
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [string]$ConfigPath = (Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard\veeam-collector.json'),
+    [int]$LookbackHours = 0,
+    [switch]$DryRun
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+$DataDir = Split-Path -Parent $ConfigPath
+$LogPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'veeam-collector.log'
+$StatePath = Join-Path $DataDir 'veeam-collector.state.json'
+$MaxLogBytes = 5MB
+$Invariant = [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture
+
+# ---------- Helpers ----------
+
+function Write-Log {
+    param([string]$Message, [string]$Level = 'INFO')
+    $line = '{0} [{1}] {2}' -f (Get-Date).ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'), $Level, $Message
+    Write-Host $line
+    if ($DryRun) { return }
+    if ((Test-Path $LogPath) -and (Get-Item $LogPath).Length -gt $MaxLogBytes) {
+        Move-Item $LogPath "$LogPath.1" -Force
+    }
+    Add-Content -Path $LogPath -Value $line -Encoding UTF8
+}
+
+function Get-ErrorText($ErrorRecord) {
+    # Windows PowerShell puts the HTTP response body (e.g. the API's 422 explanation) here
+    if ($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails -and $ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message) {
+        return "$($ErrorRecord.Exception.Message) $($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message)"
+    }
+    return $ErrorRecord.Exception.Message
+}
+
+# The API needs an explicit UTC offset. Veeam returns local times, often with Kind=Unspecified,
+# which DateTimeOffset treats as local, exactly what we want.
+function ConvertTo-IsoTime($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return $null }
+    $dt = [datetime]$Value
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }  # Veeam's "not set" value (e.g. EndTime while running)
+    return ([DateTimeOffset]$dt).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:sszzz", $Invariant)
+}
+
+function Import-Veeam {
+    if (Get-Command Get-VBRJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { return }  # already loaded
+    if (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Veeam.Backup.PowerShell) {
+        Import-Module Veeam.Backup.PowerShell -WarningAction SilentlyContinue  # VBR 11+
+    } else {
+        Add-PSSnapin VeeamPSSnapin  # VBR 10 and earlier
+    }
+}
+
+function Get-NextRun($Job) {
+    try {
+        if (-not $Job.IsScheduleEnabled) { return $null }
+        # Immediate-mode backup copy jobs run whenever their source job does. Their schedule still
+        # carries a NextRun, but it's a stale date (months old on VBR 13) that would show as Overdue.
+        if ($Job.IsContinuous) { return $null }
+
+        # The ScheduleOptions property is a stale snapshot on VBR 13 (NextRun empty, last run years
+        # old); GetScheduleOptions() reads the live schedule. Fall back for versions without it.
+        $options = $null
+        try { $options = $Job.GetScheduleOptions() } catch { }
+        if (-not $options) { $options = $Job.ScheduleOptions }
+        $raw = $options.NextRun
+        if (-not $raw) { return $null }  # e.g. chained jobs that run "after" another job
+        if ($raw -is [datetime]) { return ConvertTo-IsoTime $raw }
+        # A string formatted by VBR ("2026-10-09 12:15:00 AM" on VBR 13, en-CA). Try the server's
+        # culture first, then the invariant one
+        foreach ($culture in [Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture, [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture) {
+            $parsed = [datetime]::MinValue
+            if ([datetime]::TryParse([string]$raw, $culture, [Globalization.DateTimeStyles]::None, [ref]$parsed)) {
+                return ConvertTo-IsoTime $parsed
+            }
+        }
+        Write-Log "Couldn't parse next run '$raw' for job '$($Job.Name)'" 'WARN'
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't read schedule for job '$($Job.Name)': $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+    }
+    return $null
+}
+
+function Get-RunStatus($Session) {
+    if ([string]$Session.State -ne 'Stopped') { return 'running' }
+    switch ([string]$Session.Result) {
+        'Success' { return 'success' }
+        'Warning' { return 'warning' }
+        'Failed'  { return 'failed' }
+        # Stopped without a result (e.g. cancelled): surface it rather than hide it
+        default   { return 'warning' }
+    }
+}
+
+# Builds a readable summary: the session's reason, any task (VM/object) that didn't succeed,
+# and warning/error lines from the session log.
+function Get-RunMessage($Session, [string]$Status, $Tasks) {
+    $lines = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.List[string]'
+    try {
+        $reason = [string]$Session.Info.Reason
+        if ($reason.Trim()) { $lines.Add($reason.Trim()) }
+    } catch { }
+
+    foreach ($task in $Tasks) {
+        $taskStatus = [string]$task.Status
+        if ($taskStatus -and $taskStatus -ne 'Success' -and $taskStatus -ne 'InProgress' -and $taskStatus -ne 'Pending') {
+            $taskReason = ''
+            try { $taskReason = ([string]$task.Info.Reason).Trim() } catch { }
+            $line = "$($task.Name): $taskStatus"
+            if ($taskReason) { $line += " - $taskReason" }
+            $lines.Add($line)
+        }
+    }
+
+    if ($Status -eq 'warning' -or $Status -eq 'failed') {
+        try {
+            foreach ($record in $Session.Logger.GetLog().UpdatedRecords) {
+                $recordStatus = [string]$record.Status
+                if ($recordStatus -eq 'EWarning' -or $recordStatus -eq 'EFailed') {
+                    $title = ([string]$record.Title).Trim()
+                    if ($title -and -not $lines.Contains($title)) { $lines.Add($title) }
+                }
+            }
+        } catch { }
+    }
+
+    if ($lines.Count -eq 0) {
+        switch ($Status) {
+            'success' { return 'Job completed successfully.' }
+            'running' { return '' }
+            default   { return "Job finished with result '$($Session.Result)'." }
+        }
+    }
+    return ($lines -join "`n")
+}
+
+# VBR 12+ backup copy jobs: Get-VBRJob returns the copy (policy) job, but Get-VBRBackupSession
+# returns only the sessions of its hidden worker jobs, one per source job, never the policy's own.
+# Each worker job records its policy in PolicyJobId, so those sessions can be filed under it.
+function Get-PolicyJobId($Session, [hashtable]$KnownJobIds) {
+    try {
+        $policyId = [string]$Session.GetJob().PolicyJobId
+        if ($policyId -and $KnownJobIds.ContainsKey($policyId)) { return $policyId }
+    } catch { }
+    return ''
+}
+
+function ConvertTo-Run($Session, $Job) {
+    $status = Get-RunStatus $Session
+    $tasks = @()
+    try { $tasks = @($Session.GetTaskSessions()) } catch { }
+
+    $details = [ordered]@{
+        job_type   = [string]$Job.JobType
+        vbr_server = $env:COMPUTERNAME
+        objects    = $tasks.Count
+    }
+    $failedTasks = @($tasks | Where-Object { [string]$_.Status -eq 'Failed' }).Count
+    $warningTasks = @($tasks | Where-Object { [string]$_.Status -eq 'Warning' }).Count
+    if ($failedTasks) { $details.objects_failed = $failedTasks }
+    if ($warningTasks) { $details.objects_warning = $warningTasks }
+    try { if ($Session.IsRetryMode) { $details.retry = $true } } catch { }
+    # Worker session of a backup copy job: say which source job it copied
+    # (worker sessions are named "<copy job>\<source job>")
+    if ($Session.JobId.ToString() -ne $Job.Id.ToString()) {
+        $details.copied_from = ([string]$Session.JobName -split '\\')[-1]
+    }
+
+    $run = [ordered]@{
+        external_id = $Session.Id.ToString()
+        status      = $status
+        started_at  = ConvertTo-IsoTime $Session.CreationTime
+        message     = Get-RunMessage $Session $status $tasks
+        details     = $details
+    }
+    if ($status -ne 'running') {
+        $finished = ConvertTo-IsoTime $Session.EndTime
+        if ($finished) { $run.finished_at = $finished }  # otherwise the API uses receipt time
+        try {
+            $size = [long]$Session.BackupStats.BackupSize
+            if ($size -gt 0) { $run.size_bytes = $size }
+            $dataSize = [long]$Session.BackupStats.DataSize
+            if ($dataSize -gt 0) { $details.data_size_bytes = $dataSize }
+        } catch { }
+    }
+    return $run
+}
+
+function Send-Report($Body) {
+    $json = $Body | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 6 -Compress
+    if ($DryRun) {
+        Write-Host $json
+        return
+    }
+    # Send bytes: Windows PowerShell would otherwise encode a string body as Latin-1,
+    # mangling non-ASCII job names (e.g. en dashes).
+    $params = @{
+        Uri         = "$($Config.ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/'))/api/v1/ingest"
+        Method      = 'Post'
+        Headers     = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $($Config.ApiKey)" }
+        ContentType = 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
+        Body        = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($json)
+        TimeoutSec  = 30
+    }
+    Invoke-RestMethod @params | Out-Null
+}
+
+# ---------- Main ----------
+
+try {
+    $Config = Get-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+    foreach ($key in 'ApiUrl', 'ApiKey', 'Tenant') {
+        if (-not $Config.$key) { throw "Config $ConfigPath is missing '$key'" }
+    }
+    $SourceSystem = if ($Config.SourceSystem) { [string]$Config.SourceSystem } else { 'Veeam B&R' }
+    if ($LookbackHours -le 0) {
+        $LookbackHours = if ($Config.LookbackHours) { [int]$Config.LookbackHours } else { 48 }
+    }
+
+    # Windows PowerShell 5.1 may default to TLS 1.0
+    [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+
+    Import-Veeam
+
+    # Session ID -> start time (Unix seconds), for sessions already delivered in their final state.
+    # Numbers rather than ISO strings: PowerShell 7's ConvertFrom-Json turns date strings into
+    # DateTimes and loses the offset.
+    $sent = @{}
+    if (Test-Path $StatePath) {
+        $saved = Get-Content -Path $StatePath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+        if ($saved) { foreach ($p in $saved.PSObject.Properties) { $sent[$p.Name] = [long]$p.Value } }
+    }
+
+    $since = (Get-Date).AddHours(-$LookbackHours)
+    $jobs = @(Get-VBRJob -WarningAction SilentlyContinue)
+
+    $jobIds = @{}
+    foreach ($j in $jobs) { $jobIds[$j.Id.ToString()] = $true }
+
+    # Get-VBRBackupSession returns every session in the database, so fetch once and bucket by job
+    $sessionsByJob = @{}
+    $policyByWorker = @{}  # worker job ID -> policy job ID ('' if it isn't a worker of a listed job)
+    foreach ($s in Get-VBRBackupSession -WarningAction SilentlyContinue) {
+        if ($s.CreationTime -lt $since) { continue }
+        $key = $s.JobId.ToString()
+        if (-not $jobIds.ContainsKey($key)) {
+            if (-not $policyByWorker.ContainsKey($key)) { $policyByWorker[$key] = Get-PolicyJobId $s $jobIds }
+            if (-not $policyByWorker[$key]) { continue }
+            $key = $policyByWorker[$key]
+        }
+        if (-not $sessionsByJob.ContainsKey($key)) { $sessionsByJob[$key] = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.List[object]' }
+        $sessionsByJob[$key].Add($s)
+    }
+} catch {
+    Write-Log "Collector setup failed: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+    exit 2
+}
+
+$failures = 0
+$runsSent = 0
+foreach ($job in $jobs) {
+    $jobInfo = [ordered]@{
+        external_id = $job.Id.ToString()
+        name        = $job.Name
+        # Always sent (null when unscheduled/disabled) so the dashboard's value tracks Veeam's
+        next_run_at = Get-NextRun $job
+    }
+    $pending = @()
+    if ($sessionsByJob.ContainsKey($jobInfo.external_id)) {
+        $pending = @($sessionsByJob[$jobInfo.external_id] |
+            Where-Object { -not $sent.ContainsKey($_.Id.ToString()) } |
+            Sort-Object CreationTime)
+    }
+
+    try {
+        if ($pending.Count -eq 0) {
+            # Keep next_run_at fresh even when nothing new ran
+            Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $Config.Tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo })
+        }
+        foreach ($session in $pending) {
+            $run = ConvertTo-Run $session $job
+            Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $Config.Tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo; run = $run })
+            $runsSent++
+            if ($run.status -ne 'running') {
+                $sent[$run.external_id] = ([DateTimeOffset][datetime]$session.CreationTime).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+            }
+        }
+    } catch {
+        $failures++
+        Write-Log "Failed to report job '$($job.Name)': $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+        $httpStatus = 0
+        try { $httpStatus = [int]$_.Exception.Response.StatusCode } catch { }
+        if ($httpStatus -eq 401) {
+            Write-Log 'API key rejected; check ApiKey in the config. Stopping.' 'ERROR'
+            break
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+if (-not $DryRun) {
+    # Forget sessions that have aged out of the lookback window (plus a day of slack)
+    $cutoff = [DateTimeOffset]::Now.AddHours(-$LookbackHours - 24).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+    $keep = [ordered]@{}
+    foreach ($id in $sent.Keys) {
+        if ($sent[$id] -ge $cutoff) { $keep[$id] = $sent[$id] }
+    }
+    try {
+        $keep | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Set-Content -Path $StatePath -Encoding UTF8
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't save state file: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Log ("Reported {0} jobs, {1} runs, {2} failures" -f $jobs.Count, $runsSent, $failures)
+if ($failures) { exit 1 }

collectors/veeam/tests/MockVeeam.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# Stand-ins for the Veeam cmdlets, shaped like the real objects' properties the collector reads.
+# Dot-source this before running the collector to try it without a VBR server:
+#
+#   . ./tests/MockVeeam.ps1
+#   ./Send-VeeamBackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./tests/config.json -DryRun
+
+# Fixed to the top of the hour, and IDs derived from names/times, so repeated runs see the same
+# jobs and sessions, like a real server
+$now = Get-Date -Minute 0 -Second 0 -Millisecond 0
+function New-StableGuid([string]$Seed) {
+    [guid]::new([Security.Cryptography.MD5]::Create().ComputeHash([Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($Seed)))
+}
+$notSet = Get-Date '1900-01-01'
+
+# As on VBR 13: the ScheduleOptions property is a stale snapshot with an empty NextRun, and the live
+# schedule (NextRun as a "2026-10-09 12:15:00 AM" string) comes from GetScheduleOptions().
+# -Continuous: an immediate-mode copy job, whose live NextRun is a stale date in the past.
+function New-MockJob($Name, $Type, $NextRun, [bool]$Enabled = $true, [switch]$Continuous) {
+    $job = [pscustomobject]@{
+        Id = New-StableGuid $Name; Name = $Name; JobType = $Type
+        IsScheduleEnabled = $Enabled
+        IsContinuous = [bool]$Continuous
+        ScheduleOptions = [pscustomobject]@{ NextRun = '' }
+        LiveNextRun = $NextRun
+    }
+    $job | Add-Member ScriptMethod GetScheduleOptions { [pscustomobject]@{ NextRun = $this.LiveNextRun } }
+    $job
+}
+function Format-VbrTime([datetime]$Value) {
+    $Value.ToString('yyyy-MM-dd h:mm:ss tt', [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture)
+}
+
+function New-MockSession($Job, $Start, $End, $State, $Result, $Reason = '', $Tasks = @(), $LogRecords = @(), $Size = 0) {
+    $s = [pscustomobject]@{
+        Id = New-StableGuid "$($Job.Name)|$($Start.Ticks)"; JobId = $Job.Id; JobName = $Job.Name
+        CreationTime = $Start; EndTime = $End; State = $State; Result = $Result
+        IsRetryMode = $false
+        Info = [pscustomobject]@{ Reason = $Reason }
+        BackupStats = [pscustomobject]@{ BackupSize = $Size; DataSize = $Size * 3 }
+        Logger = [pscustomobject]@{ Records = $LogRecords }
+        Tasks = $Tasks
+    }
+    $s.Logger | Add-Member ScriptMethod GetLog { [pscustomobject]@{ UpdatedRecords = $this.Records } }
+    $s | Add-Member ScriptMethod GetTaskSessions { $this.Tasks }
+    $s
+}
+
+function New-MockTask($Name, $Status, $Reason = '') {
+    [pscustomobject]@{ Name = $Name; Status = $Status; Info = [pscustomobject]@{ Reason = $Reason } }
+}
+
+$global:MockJobs = @(
+    (New-MockJob 'File Server – Nightly' 'Backup' (Format-VbrTime $now.Date.AddDays(1).AddMinutes(15))),
+    # Some versions return NextRun as a DateTime
+    (New-MockJob 'SQL01 – Logs' 'Backup' $now.AddMinutes(40)),
+    (New-MockJob 'Offsite Copy' 'BackupSync' $null),
+    (New-MockJob 'Old Exchange' 'Backup' $now.AddDays(1) $false),
+    # VBR 12+ backup copy job (immediate mode, no schedule): the "policy" job Get-VBRJob returns
+    (New-MockJob 'Cloud Copy' 'SimpleBackupCopyPolicy' (Format-VbrTime $now.AddMonths(-6)) -Continuous)
+)
+$fs, $sql, $copy, $old, $cloud = $global:MockJobs
+
+# Its hidden worker job, one per source job. Get-VBRJob doesn't return it, and Get-VBRBackupSession
+# returns only the worker's sessions. Shape taken from a real VBR 13 server.
+$cloudWorker = [pscustomobject]@{
+    Id = New-StableGuid 'Cloud Copy\File Server – Nightly'; Name = 'Cloud Copy\File Server – Nightly'
+    JobType = 'SimpleBackupCopyWorker'; PolicyJobId = $cloud.Id
+}
+function New-MockWorkerSession($Start, $End, $Result) {
+    $s = New-MockSession $cloudWorker $Start $End 'Stopped' $Result -Size 40GB
+    $s | Add-Member ScriptMethod GetJob { $cloudWorker }
+    $s
+}
+
+$global:MockSessions = @(
+    (New-MockSession $fs $now.AddDays(-1).AddHours(-2) $now.AddDays(-1).AddHours(-1) 'Stopped' 'Success' -Size 128GB -Tasks @(
+        (New-MockTask 'FS01' 'Success'), (New-MockTask 'FS02' 'Success'))),
+    (New-MockSession $fs $now.AddMinutes(-20) $notSet 'Working' 'None' -Tasks @((New-MockTask 'FS01' 'InProgress'))),
+    (New-MockSession $sql $now.AddHours(-1) $now.AddMinutes(-55) 'Stopped' 'Warning' -Size 2GB `
+        -Tasks @((New-MockTask 'SQL01' 'Warning' 'Failed to truncate transaction logs for database "ERP_PROD"'))),
+    (New-MockSession $copy $now.AddHours(-5) $now.AddHours(-4) 'Stopped' 'Failed' 'Error: Unable to connect to repository NAS02' `
+        -LogRecords @(
+            [pscustomobject]@{ Title = 'Preparing backup chain'; Status = 'ESucceeded' },
+            [pscustomobject]@{ Title = 'Network path not found (0x80070035)'; Status = 'EFailed' })),
+    (New-MockSession $old $now.AddDays(-10) $now.AddDays(-10).AddHours(1) 'Stopped' 'Success'),  # outside 48h lookback
+    (New-MockWorkerSession $now.AddDays(-1).AddMinutes(-55) $now.AddDays(-1).AddMinutes(-30) 'Success'),
+    (New-MockWorkerSession $now.AddMinutes(-55) $now.AddMinutes(-35) 'Warning'),
+    # A session from a job the collector doesn't know (e.g. deleted): must be ignored, not crash
+    (New-MockSession ([pscustomobject]@{ Id = New-StableGuid 'gone'; Name = 'Deleted job' }) $now.AddHours(-2) $now.AddHours(-1) 'Stopped' 'Success')
+)
+
+function Get-VBRJob { [CmdletBinding()] param() $global:MockJobs }
+function Get-VBRBackupSession { [CmdletBinding()] param() $global:MockSessions }

collectors/wsb/Get-WsbCollectorDiagnostics.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Read-only dump of what the Windows Server Backup cmdlets return, for troubleshooting the collector.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    The collector reads properties of Get-WBJob / Get-WBSummary results whose names and time zones
+    aren't fully documented. This prints those objects' real structure (property names, types and
+    values, a few levels deep), plus recent events from the Microsoft-Windows-Backup log, whose
+    timestamps are reliable local times to compare against. Nothing is changed. Output is also
+    saved to a text file.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Get-WsbCollectorDiagnostics.ps1
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [int]$Jobs = 3,
+    [int]$Events = 15,
+    [string]$OutFile = (Join-Path $env:TEMP 'wsb-collector-diagnostics.txt')
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$MaxDepth = 6
+
+if (-not (Get-Command Get-WBJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
+    Import-Module WindowsServerBackup
+}
+
+function Test-Scalar($Value) {
+    return $null -eq $Value -or $Value -is [string] -or $Value -is [ValueType] -or $Value -is [guid]
+}
+
+# Recursive "name (type) = value" listing. Collections show their first 3 items.
+function Show-Object($Value, [string]$Indent = '  ', [int]$Depth = 0) {
+    if (Test-Scalar $Value) { return }
+    if ($Depth -ge $MaxDepth) { "$Indent..."; return }
+    if ($Value -is [Collections.IEnumerable]) {
+        $items = @($Value)
+        "$Indent[$($items.Count) item(s)]"
+        $i = 0
+        foreach ($item in $items | Select-Object -First 3) {
+            "$Indent[$i] ($($item.GetType().FullName))$(if (Test-Scalar $item) { " = $item" })"
+            Show-Object $item "$Indent    " ($Depth + 1)
+            $i++
+        }
+        return
+    }
+    foreach ($p in $Value.PSObject.Properties) {
+        try { $v = $p.Value } catch { "$Indent$($p.Name) = <error: $($_.Exception.Message)>"; continue }
+        $type = if ($null -eq $v) { 'null' } else { $v.GetType().FullName }
+        if (Test-Scalar $v) {
+            "$Indent$($p.Name) ($type) = $v"
+        } else {
+            $text = [string]$v
+            if ($text.Length -gt 100) { $text = $text.Substring(0, 97) + '...' }
+            "$Indent$($p.Name) ($type) = $text"
+            Show-Object $v "$Indent    " ($Depth + 1)
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+function Show-Section([string]$Title, [scriptblock]$Get) {
+    "== $Title"
+    try {
+        $result = @(& $Get)
+        if ($result.Count -eq 0 -or ($result.Count -eq 1 -and $null -eq $result[0])) { '  (nothing returned)' }
+        $n = 0
+        foreach ($item in $result) {
+            if ($null -eq $item) { continue }
+            "  [$n] ($($item.GetType().FullName))"
+            Show-Object $item '      '
+            $n++
+        }
+    } catch {
+        "  error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+    ''
+}
+
+$report = & {
+    "Generated $(Get-Date -Format o) on $env:COMPUTERNAME, PowerShell $($PSVersionTable.PSVersion)"
+    "Local time zone: $([TimeZoneInfo]::Local.Id), UTC offset now $([TimeZoneInfo]::Local.GetUtcOffset((Get-Date)))"
+    ''
+    Show-Section 'Get-WBSummary' { Get-WBSummary }
+    Show-Section 'Get-WBJob (in progress)' { Get-WBJob }
+    Show-Section "Get-WBJob -Previous $Jobs" { Get-WBJob -Previous $Jobs }
+    Show-Section 'Get-WBPolicy | Get-WBSchedule' {
+        $policy = Get-WBPolicy
+        if ($policy) { Get-WBSchedule -Policy $policy } else { '(no scheduled backup policy)' }
+    }
+    "== Microsoft-Windows-Backup event log (last $Events, local times)"
+    try {
+        Get-WinEvent -LogName 'Microsoft-Windows-Backup' -MaxEvents $Events |
+            Select-Object TimeCreated, Id, LevelDisplayName, @{ n = 'Message'; e = { ($_.Message -split "`r?`n")[0] } } |
+            Format-Table -AutoSize -Wrap | Out-String -Width 300
+    } catch {
+        "  error: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+} | Out-String -Width 300
+
+$report
+$report | Set-Content -Path $OutFile -Encoding UTF8
+Write-Host "Saved to $OutFile"

collectors/wsb/Install-WsbCollector.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Installs the Windows Server Backup collector as a SYSTEM scheduled task.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    - Copies Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1 to Program Files (only admins can modify it, which
+      matters because it runs as SYSTEM).
+    - Writes the config to ProgramData\BackupDashboard and restricts that folder to SYSTEM and
+      Administrators, since it contains the API key.
+    - Registers a scheduled task that runs every IntervalMinutes under Windows PowerShell 5.1
+      (powershell.exe), which the WindowsServerBackup module targets.
+    Safe to re-run to change settings or update the script. Can sit alongside the other collectors.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Install-WsbCollector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+    (prompts for the API key)
+#>
+#Requires -RunAsAdministrator
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$ApiUrl,
+    [Parameter(Mandatory)][string]$Tenant,
+    # Name shown on the dashboard; defaults to "<server> - Windows Server Backup"
+    [string]$JobName,
+    [string]$SourceSystem = 'Windows Server Backup',
+    [ValidateRange(5, 1440)][int]$IntervalMinutes = 60,
+    [ValidateRange(1, 720)][int]$LookbackHours = 48,
+    [string]$InstallDir = (Join-Path $env:ProgramFiles 'BackupDashboard')
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+$TaskName = 'Backup Dashboard - WSB collector'
+$DataDir = Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard'
+$ConfigPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'wsb-collector.json'
+$WindowsPowerShell = Join-Path $env:SystemRoot 'System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\powershell.exe'
+
+# Check Windows Server Backup is here before changing anything
+if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name WindowsServerBackup)) {
+    throw 'The WindowsServerBackup PowerShell module is not available. Install the Windows Server Backup feature (Install-WindowsFeature Windows-Server-Backup).'
+}
+
+if ($ApiUrl -notmatch '^https://') {
+    Write-Warning 'ApiUrl is not HTTPS: the API key would be sent in clear text.'
+}
+
+# Read the key as a SecureString so it isn't echoed to the console or kept in shell history
+$secure = Read-Host -AsSecureString 'API key (from: python manage.py create-key <name>)'
+$bstr = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::SecureStringToBSTR($secure)
+try { $apiKey = [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::PtrToStringBSTR($bstr) }
+finally { [Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal]::ZeroFreeBSTR($bstr) }
+if (-not $apiKey.StartsWith('bdk_')) { throw "That doesn't look like a dashboard API key (expected 'bdk_...')." }
+
+# Config folder: SYSTEM + Administrators only (SIDs so this works on non-English Windows)
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $DataDir -Force | Out-Null
+& icacls.exe $DataDir /inheritance:r /grant:r '*S-1-5-18:(OI)(CI)F' '*S-1-5-32-544:(OI)(CI)F' | Out-Null
+if ($LASTEXITCODE) { throw "icacls failed on $DataDir" }
+
+$config = [ordered]@{
+    ApiUrl        = $ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/')
+    ApiKey        = $apiKey
+    Tenant        = $Tenant
+    SourceSystem  = $SourceSystem
+    LookbackHours = $LookbackHours
+}
+if ($JobName) { $config.JobName = $JobName }
+$config | ConvertTo-Json | Set-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Encoding UTF8
+
+New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $InstallDir -Force | Out-Null
+$scriptPath = Join-Path $InstallDir 'Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1'
+Copy-Item -Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1') -Destination $scriptPath -Force
+Unblock-File -Path $scriptPath
+
+$action = New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute $WindowsPowerShell `
+    -Argument "-NoProfile -NonInteractive -ExecutionPolicy Bypass -File `"$scriptPath`""
+$trigger = New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Once -At (Get-Date).AddMinutes(1) `
+    -RepetitionInterval (New-TimeSpan -Minutes $IntervalMinutes)
+$principal = New-ScheduledTaskPrincipal -UserId 'S-1-5-18' -LogonType ServiceAccount -RunLevel Highest
+$settings = New-ScheduledTaskSettingsSet -ExecutionTimeLimit (New-TimeSpan -Minutes 30) `
+    -MultipleInstances IgnoreNew -StartWhenAvailable
+Register-ScheduledTask -TaskName $TaskName -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -Principal $principal `
+    -Settings $settings -Description 'Sends Windows Server Backup results to the Backup Dashboard' -Force | Out-Null
+
+Write-Host "Installed. Config: $ConfigPath"
+Write-Host "Task '$TaskName' runs every $IntervalMinutes minutes as SYSTEM, using Windows PowerShell."
+Write-Host ''
+Write-Host 'Next steps:'
+Write-Host "  1. Preview what will be sent:   & '$WindowsPowerShell' -File '$scriptPath' -DryRun"
+Write-Host "  2. Backfill 30 days of history: & '$WindowsPowerShell' -File '$scriptPath' -LookbackHours 720"
+Write-Host "  3. Check the log:               Get-Content '$DataDir\wsb-collector.log' -Tail 20"

collectors/wsb/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Windows Server Backup collector
+
+A PowerShell script that runs on each server using Windows Server Backup (WSB) and reports its
+backups to the dashboard. Each server appears as one job, named `<SERVER> - Windows Server Backup`
+by default.
+
+> **Checked against:** Server 2019 Hyper-V host backing up VMs, successful backups only.
+> Not yet seen on a real server: a failed backup, a failed VM or volume, or a backup in progress.
+> Those paths are written to the same object model, but if one looks wrong, run
+> `Get-WsbCollectorDiagnostics.ps1` while it's in that state and send the output.
+
+## Install (on the server, as an administrator)
+
+Requires the Windows Server Backup feature with its PowerShell module
+(`Install-WindowsFeature Windows-Server-Backup`). Runs under Windows PowerShell 5.1
+(`powershell.exe`), which that module targets.
+
+1. On the dashboard host, create a key for this server:
+   ```bash
+   python manage.py create-key wsb-acme-dc01
+   ```
+2. Copy this folder to the server and run:
+   ```powershell
+   .\Install-WsbCollector.ps1 -ApiUrl https://backups.example.com -Tenant "Acme Corp"
+   ```
+   Add `-JobName "Domain Controller"` to choose the name shown on the dashboard. It prompts for the
+   key, then:
+   - writes `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\wsb-collector.json` (readable only by SYSTEM and Administrators)
+   - copies the script to `C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\`
+   - registers the scheduled task **Backup Dashboard - WSB collector** (SYSTEM, every 60 minutes)
+3. Preview the payloads, then backfill 30 days so the history view is populated straight away:
+   ```powershell
+   powershell.exe -File 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1' -DryRun
+   powershell.exe -File 'C:\Program Files\BackupDashboard\Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1' -LookbackHours 720
+   ```
+
+It can be installed alongside the other collectors: it uses its own config, state, log and task.
+Re-run the installer to change settings or update the script.
+
+## What it sends
+
+| Dashboard | Windows Server Backup |
+|---|---|
+| Company | `Tenant` from the config |
+| Job | One per server, ID `wsb:<computer name>`, so changing `JobName` renames rather than duplicates it |
+| Run | One per backup job from `Get-WBJob`, identified by its start time (WSB jobs have no ID). Restores are ignored. `details.items` lists what was backed up: the VMs for a Hyper-V backup, otherwise volumes |
+| Status | Error HRESULT → **Failed**. Success, but a detailed error or a failed item (e.g. one volume) → **Warning**. Cancelled or unrecognised → **Warning**. In progress → **Running** |
+| Started / finished | Job start / end time. WSB gives these as local-time text to the minute, in the server's date format; the collector parses them with that format |
+| Next scheduled | `Get-WBSummary`'s `NextBackupTime`. Empty when there's no scheduled backup |
+| Message | Error description, error codes (as `0x8XXXXXXX`), failed VMs/volumes, and the failure log path |
+| Size | Bytes processed across the backup's items |
+
+Each run covers the last 48 hours (`LookbackHours`). Runs already delivered are recorded in
+`wsb-collector.state.json`.
+
+## Troubleshooting
+
+- Log: `C:\ProgramData\BackupDashboard\wsb-collector.log`. Exit codes: `0` OK, `1` some runs
+  failed to send (retried next run), `2` setup failed (config or WindowsServerBackup module).
+- Wrong status, times or messages: run `.\Get-WsbCollectorDiagnostics.ps1` (read-only). It prints
+  the real structure of what the cmdlets return, plus recent `Microsoft-Windows-Backup` events to
+  compare times against.
+
+## Testing without Windows Server Backup
+
+```powershell
+. ./tests/MockWsb.ps1                    # or: . ./tests/MockWsb.ps1 -WithRunningJob
+./Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+```

collectors/wsb/Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Reports Windows Server Backup (WSB) results to the Backup Dashboard.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    Runs on a server with the Windows Server Backup feature, normally as a SYSTEM scheduled task
+    every 60 minutes (see Install-WsbCollector.ps1). The server appears on the dashboard as one job.
+    Each run sends:
+      - the next scheduled backup (Get-WBSummary's NextBackupTime), which drives the dashboard's
+        Overdue flag, and
+      - every backup from the last LookbackHours that the dashboard hasn't already received in its
+        final state. A backup in progress is sent as Running until it finishes.
+
+    WSB jobs have no ID, so a run is identified by its start time. Already-reported runs are
+    tracked in a state file, and the ingest API is idempotent, so a failed or repeated run is
+    harmless: anything not confirmed is retried next time.
+
+    Written for Windows PowerShell 5.1, which the WindowsServerBackup module targets.
+
+.PARAMETER ConfigPath
+    JSON config with ApiUrl, ApiKey and Tenant (optional: JobName, SourceSystem, LookbackHours).
+
+.PARAMETER LookbackHours
+    Overrides the config value. Use 720 once to backfill 30 days of history.
+
+.PARAMETER DryRun
+    Print the payloads instead of sending them. Doesn't touch the state or log files.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1 -DryRun
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1 -LookbackHours 720
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [string]$ConfigPath = (Join-Path $env:ProgramData 'BackupDashboard\wsb-collector.json'),
+    [int]$LookbackHours = 0,
+    [switch]$DryRun
+)
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+$DataDir = Split-Path -Parent $ConfigPath
+$LogPath = Join-Path $DataDir 'wsb-collector.log'
+$StatePath = Join-Path $DataDir 'wsb-collector.state.json'
+$MaxLogBytes = 5MB
+# Get-WBJob -Previous accepts at most 100. That covers a 30-day backfill at up to 3 backups a day;
+# servers backing up more often only get their latest 100 runs backfilled.
+$MaxPreviousJobs = 100
+$Invariant = [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture
+
+# ---------- Helpers ----------
+
+function Write-Log {
+    param([string]$Message, [string]$Level = 'INFO')
+    $line = '{0} [{1}] {2}' -f (Get-Date).ToString('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss'), $Level, $Message
+    Write-Host $line
+    if ($DryRun) { return }
+    if ((Test-Path $LogPath) -and (Get-Item $LogPath).Length -gt $MaxLogBytes) {
+        Move-Item $LogPath "$LogPath.1" -Force
+    }
+    Add-Content -Path $LogPath -Value $line -Encoding UTF8
+}
+
+function Get-ErrorText($ErrorRecord) {
+    # Windows PowerShell puts the HTTP response body (e.g. the API's 422 explanation) here
+    if ($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails -and $ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message) {
+        return "$($ErrorRecord.Exception.Message) $($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message)"
+    }
+    return $ErrorRecord.Exception.Message
+}
+
+# The API needs an explicit UTC offset. DateTimeOffset keeps a Local/Unspecified time as local and a
+# Utc time as +00:00.
+function ConvertTo-IsoTime($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return $null }
+    $dt = [datetime]$Value
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }  # "not set" (DateTime.MinValue and friends)
+    return ([DateTimeOffset]$dt).ToString("yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:sszzz", $Invariant)
+}
+
+# First property of $Object, out of $Names, that exists and isn't empty. The WSB object model isn't
+# fully documented, so reads go through this rather than assuming one spelling.
+function Get-FirstValue($Object, [string[]]$Names) {
+    if ($null -eq $Object) { return $null }
+    foreach ($name in $Names) {
+        try {
+            $prop = $Object.PSObject.Properties[$name]
+            if (-not $prop) { continue }
+            $value = $prop.Value
+            # Check emptiness by type: casting to [string] would make a one-item list of objects ''
+            if ($null -eq $value) { continue }
+            if ($value -is [string] -and $value -eq '') { continue }
+            if ($value -is [Collections.ICollection] -and $value.Count -eq 0) { continue }
+            return $value
+        } catch { }
+    }
+    return $null
+}
+
+function Import-Wsb {
+    if (Get-Command Get-WBJob -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue) { return }  # already loaded
+    # Present only when the Windows Server Backup feature (with its command-line tools) is installed
+    Import-Module WindowsServerBackup
+}
+
+# ---------- Jobs ----------
+
+# WBJob times are strings in local time, to the minute, formatted with the current culture
+# ("10/6/2026 9:00 PM" on en-US). Parse with that same culture: PowerShell's [datetime] cast would
+# use the invariant (US) format and misread dd/MM dates. Empty while not set (e.g. EndTime of a
+# running backup).
+function Get-JobTime($Job, [string]$Field) {
+    $value = Get-FirstValue $Job @($Field)
+    if ($null -eq $value) { return $null }
+    if ($value -is [datetime]) {
+        $dt = $value
+    } else {
+        $dt = [datetime]::MinValue
+        if (-not [datetime]::TryParse([string]$value, [Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture,
+                [Globalization.DateTimeStyles]::AssumeLocal, [ref]$dt)) {
+            Write-Log "Couldn't parse $Field '$value'" 'WARN'
+            return $null
+        }
+    }
+    if ($dt.Year -le 1900) { return $null }
+    return $dt
+}
+
+# HRESULTs as numbers; 0 = OK. $null when the object doesn't have the property. WSB returns them
+# as strings ("0"); PowerShell's conversion also accepts hex ("0x80042302") and negative decimals.
+function Get-HResult($Object, [string]$Field) {
+    $value = Get-FirstValue $Object @($Field)
+    if ($null -eq $value) { return $null }
+    try { return [long]$value } catch { return $null }
+}
+
+function Format-HResult([long]$Value) {
+    if ($Value -lt 0) { $Value += 4294967296 }  # show as the familiar unsigned 0x8XXXXXXX
+    return '0x{0:X8}' -f $Value
+}
+
+function Get-JobItems($Job) {
+    return @(Get-FirstValue $Job @('JobItems', 'Items') | Where-Object { $_ })
+}
+
+function Get-ItemName($Item) {
+    $name = Get-FirstValue $Item @('Name', 'VolumeLabel', 'MountPath', 'Path', 'Type')
+    if ($name) { return [string]$name }
+    return 'Item'
+}
+
+# The things actually backed up. Items can nest: a Hyper-V backup has one VirtualMachineList item
+# whose SubItemList holds each VM (and "Host Component").
+function Get-LeafItems($Items) {
+    foreach ($item in $Items) {
+        $subItems = @(Get-FirstValue $item @('SubItemList') | Where-Object { $_ })
+        if ($subItems.Count) { Get-LeafItems $subItems } else { $item }
+    }
+}
+
+function Test-ItemFailed($Item) {
+    $hr = Get-HResult $Item 'HResult'
+    $state = [string](Get-FirstValue $Item @('State', 'JobState'))
+    return ($hr -and $hr -ne 0) -or $state -match 'Fail'
+}
+
+# Items that reported an error: failed leaves, or a parent that counts failed sub-items without
+# saying which
+function Get-FailedItems($Job) {
+    $items = Get-JobItems $Job
+    $failed = @(Get-LeafItems $items | Where-Object { Test-ItemFailed $_ })
+    if ($failed.Count) { return $failed }
+    return @($items | Where-Object {
+        (Test-ItemFailed $_) -or ((Get-FirstValue $_ @('SubItemFailed')) -and [long](Get-FirstValue $_ @('SubItemFailed')) -gt 0)
+    })
+}
+
+# Bytes processed, from the top-level items (sub-items are already counted in their parent)
+function Get-BytesProcessed($Job) {
+    $sum = [long]0
+    foreach ($item in Get-JobItems $Job) {
+        $value = Get-FirstValue $item @('BytesProcessed')
+        if ($value) { $sum += [long]$value }
+    }
+    return $sum
+}
+
+function Get-RunStatus($Job) {
+    $state = [string](Get-FirstValue $Job @('JobState', 'State'))
+    if (-not (Get-JobTime $Job 'EndTime') -and $state -notmatch 'Complet|Fail|Cancel|Abort|Stop|Succe') {
+        return 'running'
+    }
+    if ($state -match 'Fail') { return 'failed' }
+    if ($state -match 'Cancel|Abort|Stop') { return 'warning' }
+    $hr = Get-HResult $Job 'HResult'
+    if ($hr -and $hr -ne 0) { return 'failed' }
+    # Overall success but something underneath went wrong (e.g. a volume or files skipped)
+    $detailed = Get-HResult $Job 'DetailedHResult'
+    if (($detailed -and $detailed -ne 0) -or (Get-FailedItems $Job).Count) { return 'warning' }
+    if (-not $state -or $state -match 'Complet|Succe') { return 'success' }
+    return 'warning'  # finished in a state we don't recognise: surface it rather than hide it
+}
+
+function Get-RunMessage($Job, [string]$Status) {
+    if ($Status -eq 'running') { return '' }
+    $lines = New-Object 'System.Collections.Generic.List[string]'
+    $state = [string](Get-FirstValue $Job @('JobState', 'State'))
+    $description = Get-FirstValue $Job @('ErrorDescription', 'DetailedMessage')
+    if ($description) { $lines.Add(([string]$description).Trim()) }
+
+    $hr = Get-HResult $Job 'HResult'
+    $detailed = Get-HResult $Job 'DetailedHResult'
+    if (($hr -and $hr -ne 0) -or ($detailed -and $detailed -ne 0)) {
+        $codes = @()
+        if ($hr -and $hr -ne 0) { $codes += "error $(Format-HResult $hr)" }
+        if ($detailed -and $detailed -ne 0) { $codes += "detailed error $(Format-HResult $detailed)" }
+        $lines.Add('Windows Server Backup reported ' + ($codes -join ', ') + '.')
+    }
+
+    foreach ($item in Get-FailedItems $Job) {
+        $itemError = Get-FirstValue $item @('ErrorDescription', 'DetailedMessage')
+        $itemHr = Get-HResult $item 'HResult'
+        $subFailed = Get-FirstValue $item @('SubItemFailed')
+        $line = "$(Get-ItemName $item) - "  # names are often volumes like "D:", so no colon
+        if ($itemError) { $line += ([string]$itemError).Trim() }
+        elseif ($itemHr) { $line += "error $(Format-HResult $itemHr)" }
+        elseif ($subFailed -and [long]$subFailed -gt 0) { $line += "$subFailed sub-item(s) failed" }
+        else { $line += [string](Get-FirstValue $item @('State', 'JobState')) }
+        $lines.Add($line)
+    }
+
+    # WSB fills in FailureLogPath even for successful backups, so only point at it when relevant
+    if ($Status -ne 'success') {
+        $failureLog = Get-FirstValue $Job @('FailureLogPath')
+        if ($failureLog) { $lines.Add("Failure log: $failureLog") }
+    }
+
+    if ($lines.Count -eq 0) {
+        if ($Status -eq 'success') { return 'Backup completed successfully.' }
+        return "Backup finished with state '$state'."
+    }
+    # WSB reports "Completed" even for a backup that failed with an error code, so only mention
+    # the state when it says something else (e.g. cancelled)
+    if ($state -and $Status -ne 'success' -and $state -notmatch 'Complet') { $lines.Insert(0, "Job state: $state") }
+    return ($lines -join "`n")
+}
+
+function ConvertTo-Run($Job) {
+    $status = Get-RunStatus $Job
+    $details = [ordered]@{ server = $env:COMPUTERNAME }
+    $items = @(Get-LeafItems (Get-JobItems $Job) | ForEach-Object { Get-ItemName $_ })
+    if ($items.Count) { $details.items = $items }
+    $state = Get-FirstValue $Job @('JobState', 'State')
+    if ($state) { $details.wsb_state = [string]$state }
+    $version = Get-FirstValue $Job @('VersionId')
+    if ($version) { $details.version_id = [string]$version }
+
+    # No external_id: WSB jobs have no ID, so the API keys the run on started_at
+    $run = [ordered]@{
+        status     = $status
+        started_at = ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-JobTime $Job 'StartTime')
+        message    = Get-RunMessage $Job $status
+        details    = $details
+    }
+    if ($status -ne 'running') {
+        $finished = ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-JobTime $Job 'EndTime')
+        if ($finished) { $run.finished_at = $finished }  # otherwise the API uses receipt time
+        $bytes = Get-BytesProcessed $Job
+        if ($bytes -gt 0) { $run.size_bytes = $bytes }
+    }
+    return $run
+}
+
+function Test-IsBackupJob($Job) {
+    # Get-WBJob also lists recoveries; only backups belong on the dashboard
+    $type = [string](Get-FirstValue $Job @('JobType', 'Type'))
+    return (-not $type) -or $type -match 'Backup'
+}
+
+function Get-NextRun {
+    try {
+        $summary = Get-WBSummary
+        return ConvertTo-IsoTime (Get-FirstValue $summary @('NextBackupTime'))
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't read the backup summary: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+        return $null
+    }
+}
+
+function Send-Report($Body) {
+    $json = $Body | ConvertTo-Json -Depth 6 -Compress
+    if ($DryRun) {
+        Write-Host $json
+        return
+    }
+    # Send bytes: Windows PowerShell would otherwise encode a string body as Latin-1
+    $params = @{
+        Uri         = "$($Config.ApiUrl.TrimEnd('/'))/api/v1/ingest"
+        Method      = 'Post'
+        Headers     = @{ Authorization = "Bearer $($Config.ApiKey)" }
+        ContentType = 'application/json; charset=utf-8'
+        Body        = [Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes($json)
+        TimeoutSec  = 30
+    }
+    Invoke-RestMethod @params | Out-Null
+}
+
+# ---------- Main ----------
+
+try {
+    $Config = Get-Content -Path $ConfigPath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+    foreach ($key in 'ApiUrl', 'ApiKey', 'Tenant') {
+        if (-not $Config.$key) { throw "Config $ConfigPath is missing '$key'" }
+    }
+    $SourceSystem = if ($Config.SourceSystem) { [string]$Config.SourceSystem } else { 'Windows Server Backup' }
+    $JobName = if ($Config.JobName) { [string]$Config.JobName } else { "$env:COMPUTERNAME - Windows Server Backup" }
+    if ($LookbackHours -le 0) {
+        $LookbackHours = if ($Config.LookbackHours) { [int]$Config.LookbackHours } else { 48 }
+    }
+
+    # Windows PowerShell 5.1 may default to TLS 1.0
+    [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+
+    Import-Wsb
+
+    # Run start time (ISO, as sent) -> Unix seconds, for runs already delivered in their final state
+    $sent = @{}
+    if (Test-Path $StatePath) {
+        $saved = Get-Content -Path $StatePath -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json
+        if ($saved) { foreach ($p in $saved.PSObject.Properties) { $sent[$p.Name] = [long]$p.Value } }
+    }
+
+    $since = (Get-Date).AddHours(-$LookbackHours)
+    # Get-WBJob with no arguments returns the job in progress (if any); -Previous lists finished ones
+    $jobs = @(@(Get-WBJob) + @(Get-WBJob -Previous $MaxPreviousJobs) | Where-Object {
+        $_ -and (Test-IsBackupJob $_) -and (Get-JobTime $_ 'StartTime')
+    })
+    $byStart = [ordered]@{}
+    foreach ($job in $jobs) {
+        $start = Get-JobTime $job 'StartTime'
+        if ($start -lt $since) { continue }
+        $byStart[(ConvertTo-IsoTime $start)] = $job  # a job in both lists: the finished entry (later) wins
+    }
+    $pending = @($byStart.Keys | Sort-Object | Where-Object { -not $sent.ContainsKey($_) } |
+        ForEach-Object { $byStart[$_] })
+
+    $jobInfo = [ordered]@{
+        # Stable per server, so renaming the dashboard job via JobName doesn't create a new one
+        external_id = "wsb:$($env:COMPUTERNAME.ToLowerInvariant())"
+        name        = $JobName
+        # Always sent (null when unscheduled) so the dashboard's value tracks WSB's
+        next_run_at = Get-NextRun
+    }
+} catch {
+    Write-Log "Collector setup failed: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+    exit 2
+}
+
+$failures = 0
+$runsSent = 0
+try {
+    if ($pending.Count -eq 0) {
+        # Keep next_run_at fresh even when nothing new ran
+        Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $Config.Tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo })
+    }
+    foreach ($job in $pending) {
+        $run = ConvertTo-Run $job
+        Send-Report ([ordered]@{ tenant = $Config.Tenant; source_system = $SourceSystem; job = $jobInfo; run = $run })
+        $runsSent++
+        if ($run.status -ne 'running') {
+            $sent[$run.started_at] = ([DateTimeOffset](Get-JobTime $job 'StartTime')).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+        }
+    }
+} catch {
+    $failures++
+    Write-Log "Failed to report: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'ERROR'
+}
+
+if (-not $DryRun) {
+    # Forget runs that have aged out of the lookback window (plus a day of slack)
+    $cutoff = [DateTimeOffset]::Now.AddHours(-$LookbackHours - 24).ToUnixTimeSeconds()
+    $keep = [ordered]@{}
+    foreach ($key in $sent.Keys) {
+        if ($sent[$key] -ge $cutoff) { $keep[$key] = $sent[$key] }
+    }
+    try {
+        $keep | ConvertTo-Json -Compress | Set-Content -Path $StatePath -Encoding UTF8
+    } catch {
+        Write-Log "Couldn't save state file: $(Get-ErrorText $_)" 'WARN'
+    }
+}
+
+Write-Log ("Reported {0} runs, {1} failures" -f $runsSent, $failures)
+if ($failures) { exit 1 }

collectors/wsb/tests/MockWsb.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+# Stand-ins for the WindowsServerBackup cmdlets. Object shapes follow Get-WsbCollectorDiagnostics.ps1
+# output from a real Hyper-V host (Server 2019): job times are culture-formatted local-time strings
+# to the minute ("10/6/2026 9:00 PM" on en-US), HRESULTs are strings, and a Hyper-V backup has one
+# VirtualMachineList item whose SubItemList holds the VMs. When nothing is running, Get-WBJob
+# returns an empty job (JobType None).
+#
+#   . ./tests/MockWsb.ps1                  # nothing running
+#   . ./tests/MockWsb.ps1 -WithRunningJob  # a backup in progress
+#   ./Send-WsbBackupStatus.ps1 -ConfigPath ./my-test-config.json -DryRun
+param([switch]$WithRunningJob)
+
+# Fixed to the top of the hour so repeated runs see the same jobs
+$now = Get-Date -Minute 0 -Second 0 -Millisecond 0
+
+# Same format as the real cmdlet: short date + short time in the current culture
+function Format-WbTime($Value) {
+    if ($null -eq $Value) { return '' }
+    return ([datetime]$Value).ToString('g', [Globalization.CultureInfo]::CurrentCulture)
+}
+
+function New-MockItem($Name, $Type = 'Volume', [long]$Bytes = 0, [string]$HResult = '0', $ErrorDescription = '', $SubItems = $null) {
+    $failedSubs = @($SubItems | Where-Object { $_ -and $_.HResult -ne '0' }).Count
+    [pscustomobject]@{
+        Name             = $Name
+        Type             = $Type
+        State            = $(if ($HResult -ne '0') { 'Failed' } else { 'Completed' })
+        HResult          = $HResult
+        DetailedHResult  = '0'
+        ErrorDescription = $ErrorDescription
+        BytesProcessed   = $Bytes
+        TotalBytes       = $Bytes
+        CurrentItem      = $null
+        SubItemProcessed = [long]@($SubItems | Where-Object { $_ }).Count
+        SubItemFailed    = [long]$failedSubs
+        TotalSubItem     = [long]@($SubItems | Where-Object { $_ }).Count
+        SubItemList      = $SubItems
+    }
+}
+
+function New-VmList([long]$VmBytes, [string]$VmHResult = '0', $VmError = '') {
+    $vms = @(
+        (New-MockItem 'AAOG-EDM-AD1' 'Component' $VmBytes $VmHResult $VmError),
+        (New-MockItem 'Host Component' 'Component' 447729)
+    )
+    New-MockItem 'VirtualMachineList' 'VirtualmachineList' ($VmBytes + 447729) -SubItems $vms
+}
+
+function New-MockJob($Type, $Start, $End, $State, [string]$HResult = '0', [string]$DetailedHResult = '0', $ErrorDescription = '', $Items = $null) {
+    [pscustomobject]@{
+        JobType          = $Type
+        StartTime        = Format-WbTime $Start
+        EndTime          = Format-WbTime $End
+        JobState         = $State
+        CurrentOperation = ''
+        HResult          = $HResult
+        DetailedHResult  = $DetailedHResult
+        ErrorDescription = $ErrorDescription
+        JobItems         = $Items
+        VersionId        = $(if ($End) { $Start.ToUniversalTime().ToString('MM/dd/yyyy-HH:mm', [Globalization.CultureInfo]::InvariantCulture) } else { '' })
+        SuccessLogPath   = 'C:\Windows\Logs\WindowsServerBackup\Backup.log'
+        # Populated even for successful backups, as on the real server
+        FailureLogPath   = 'C:\Windows\Logs\WindowsServerBackup\Backup_Error.log'
+    }
+}
+
+$global:MockWsbRunning = if ($WithRunningJob) {
+    @(New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddMinutes(-10) $null 'Running' -Items @(New-VmList 10GB))
+} else {
+    @(New-MockJob 'None' $null $null 'Unknown')
+}
+
+$global:MockWsbPrevious = @(
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-12) $now.AddHours(-11.6) 'Completed' -Items @(New-VmList 124756706036)),
+    # Completed overall, but one VM failed
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-36) $now.AddHours(-35.6) 'Completed' '0' '0' '' @(
+        New-VmList 0 '-2147024891' 'Access is denied.')),
+    # Failed outright: backup target not found (0x80042302)
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-30) $now.AddHours(-29.9) 'Completed' '-2147212542' '0' `
+        'The backup storage location could not be found.'),
+    # A volume-based backup, for servers that aren't Hyper-V hosts
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddHours(-20) $now.AddHours(-19.5) 'Completed' -Items @(
+        (New-MockItem 'C:' 'Volume' 40GB), (New-MockItem 'D:' 'Volume' 200GB))),
+    (New-MockJob 'Recovery' $now.AddHours(-5) $now.AddHours(-4) 'Completed'),  # a restore: must be ignored
+    (New-MockJob 'Backup' $now.AddDays(-5) $now.AddDays(-5).AddHours(1) 'Completed')  # outside 48h lookback
+)
+
+$global:MockWsbSummary = [pscustomobject]@{
+    NextBackupTime           = $now.Date.AddHours(21).AddDays($(if ($now.Hour -ge 21) { 1 } else { 0 }))
+    NumberOfVersions         = 1
+    LastSuccessfulBackupTime = $now.AddHours(-12)
+    LastBackupResultHR       = [uint32]0
+    CurrentOperationStatus   = $(if ($WithRunningJob) { 'BackupInProgress' } else { 'NoOperationInProgress' })
+}
+
+# Same limit as the real cmdlet
+function Get-WBJob { param([ValidateRange(1, 100)][int]$Previous) if ($PSBoundParameters.ContainsKey('Previous')) { $global:MockWsbPrevious } else { $global:MockWsbRunning } }
+function Get-WBSummary { $global:MockWsbSummary }
+function Get-WBPolicy { [pscustomobject]@{ PolicyName = 'Scheduled' } }
+function Get-WBSchedule { param($Policy) @($global:MockWsbSummary.NextBackupTime) }

deploy/backup-dashboard-api.service

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+[Unit]
+Description=Backup Dashboard API
+After=network.target
+
+[Service]
+User=backupdash
+Group=backupdash
+WorkingDirectory=/opt/backup-dashboard/backend
+# Settings live in this file so manage.py reads exactly the same ones (see deploy/backup-dashboard.env)
+EnvironmentFile=/etc/backup-dashboard/backup-dashboard.env
+# Bound to localhost: only nginx can reach it, so nginx's auth can't be bypassed from outside.
+# One worker is plenty at this scale and keeps SQLite writes simple.
+ExecStart=/opt/backup-dashboard/venv/bin/uvicorn --factory app.main:create_app --host 127.0.0.1 --port 8000 --proxy-headers
+Restart=on-failure
+
+StateDirectory=backup-dashboard
+NoNewPrivileges=true
+ProtectSystem=strict
+ProtectHome=true
+PrivateTmp=true
+
+[Install]
+WantedBy=multi-user.target

deploy/backup-dashboard.env

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+# Install as /etc/backup-dashboard/backup-dashboard.env
+# Read by both the API service and manage.py, so they always use the same database.
+BACKUP_DASH_DB=/var/lib/backup-dashboard/backup-dashboard.db
+BACKUP_DASH_RETENTION_DAYS=90

deploy/nginx.conf

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+server {
+    listen 80;
+    server_name backups.example.com;
+    # Basic auth sends the password with every request — never serve this over plain HTTP
+    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
+}
+
+server {
+    listen 443 ssl;
+    http2 on;
+    server_name backups.example.com;
+
+    # Paths as created by `certbot certonly --nginx -d backups.example.com`
+    ssl_certificate     /etc/letsencrypt/live/backups.example.com/fullchain.pem;
+    ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/backups.example.com/privkey.pem;
+
+    root /var/www/backup-dashboard/public;
+    index index.html;
+
+    # Strict CSP works because there is no inline JS/CSS
+    add_header Content-Security-Policy "default-src 'self'; object-src 'none'; base-uri 'self'; frame-ancestors 'none'" always;
+    add_header X-Content-Type-Options "nosniff" always;
+    add_header Referrer-Policy "no-referrer" always;
+    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" always;
+
+    # Dashboard users. Create with: htpasswd -B -c /etc/nginx/backup-dashboard.htpasswd <user>
+    # To move to Microsoft 365 sign-in later, replace these two lines with an auth_request to
+    # oauth2-proxy (provider=entra-id); the app itself doesn't need to change.
+    auth_basic "Backup Monitor";
+    auth_basic_user_file /etc/nginx/backup-dashboard.htpasswd;
+
+    location / {
+        try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
+    }
+
+    location /api/ {
+        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
+        proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+    }
+
+    # Collectors authenticate with their own API key (Authorization: Bearer …), checked by the app
+    location = /api/v1/ingest {
+        auth_basic off;
+        client_max_body_size 256k;
+        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8000;
+        proxy_set_header Host $host;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
+        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-Proto $scheme;
+    }
+}

public/css/styles.css

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+:root {
+  color-scheme: light dark;
+  --bg: #f6f7f9;
+  --surface: #ffffff;
+  --surface-alt: #f0f2f5;
+  --border: #d9dde3;
+  --text: #1f2328;
+  --muted: #656d76;
+  --accent: #0969da;
+
+  /* Status palette: each has fg/bg/border so badges stay legible in both themes */
+  --success-fg: #116329; --success-bg: #dafbe1; --success-bd: #4ac26b;
+  --warning-fg: #7d4e00; --warning-bg: #fff8c5; --warning-bd: #d4a72c;
+  --failed-fg:  #a40e26; --failed-bg:  #ffebe9; --failed-bd:  #ff8182;
+  --unknown-fg: #57606a; --unknown-bg: #eaeef2; --unknown-bd: #afb8c1;
+  --running-fg: #0550ae; --running-bg: #ddf4ff; --running-bd: #54aeff;
+
+  --radius: 8px;
+  --shadow: 0 1px 2px rgb(0 0 0 / 6%), 0 4px 12px rgb(0 0 0 / 4%);
+  font-family: system-ui, -apple-system, "Segoe UI", Roboto, sans-serif;
+  font-size: 15px;
+  line-height: 1.45;
+}
+
+@media (prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
+  :root {
+    --bg: #0d1117;
+    --surface: #161b22;
+    --surface-alt: #1c2128;
+    --border: #30363d;
+    --text: #e6edf3;
+    --muted: #8d96a0;
+    --accent: #4493f8;
+    --success-fg: #6fdd8b; --success-bg: #12261e; --success-bd: #2ea043;
+    --warning-fg: #f2cc60; --warning-bg: #272115; --warning-bd: #9e6a03;
+    --failed-fg:  #ffa198; --failed-bg:  #2d1214; --failed-bd:  #da3633;
+    --unknown-fg: #9da7b3; --unknown-bg: #21262d; --unknown-bd: #484f58;
+    --running-fg: #79c0ff; --running-bg: #0c2d4b; --running-bd: #1f6feb;
+    --shadow: none;
+  }
+}
+
+*, *::before, *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }
+
+body {
+  margin: 0;
+  background: var(--bg);
+  color: var(--text);
+}
+
+.muted { color: var(--muted); }
+
+.visually-hidden {
+  position: absolute !important;
+  width: 1px; height: 1px;
+  overflow: hidden;
+  clip: rect(0 0 0 0);
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+
+/* ---------- Layout ---------- */
+.topbar {
+  display: flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  gap: 1rem;
+  flex-wrap: wrap;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;
+  background: var(--surface);
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+}
+.topbar__title { margin: 0; font-size: 1.25rem; }
+.topbar__meta { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.75rem; font-size: 0.875rem; }
+
+.container {
+  max-width: 1400px;
+  margin: 0 auto;
+  padding: 1.25rem 1.5rem 3rem;
+}
+
+/* ---------- Controls ---------- */
+.btn {
+  font: inherit;
+  padding: 0.4rem 0.9rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: var(--surface-alt);
+  color: var(--text);
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+.btn:hover { border-color: var(--muted); }
+.btn:disabled { opacity: 0.6; cursor: progress; }
+.btn--icon { padding: 0.25rem 0.55rem; line-height: 1; }
+
+.input {
+  font: inherit;
+  width: min(100%, 360px);
+  padding: 0.45rem 0.75rem;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+  background: var(--surface);
+  color: var(--text);
+}
+
+:focus-visible { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 2px; }
+
+.toolbar { margin: 1rem 0; }
+
+/* ---------- Banner ---------- */
+.banner {
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  border-radius: var(--radius);
+  margin-bottom: 1rem;
+  border: 1px solid;
+}
+.banner--error { background: var(--failed-bg); color: var(--failed-fg); border-color: var(--failed-bd); }
+
+/* ---------- Summary cards ---------- */
+.summary {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fit, minmax(150px, 1fr));
+  gap: 0.75rem;
+}
+.summary-card {
+  display: flex;
+  flex-direction: column;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  gap: 0.15rem;
+  padding: 0.9rem 1rem;
+  font: inherit;
+  text-align: left;
+  color: var(--text);
+  background: var(--surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-left-width: 4px;
+  border-radius: var(--radius);
+  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+.summary-card[aria-pressed="true"] { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: -1px; }
+.summary-card__count { font-size: 1.75rem; font-weight: 600; font-variant-numeric: tabular-nums; }
+.summary-card__label { font-size: 0.85rem; color: var(--muted); }
+.summary-card--failed  { border-left-color: var(--failed-bd); }
+.summary-card--warning { border-left-color: var(--warning-bd); }
+.summary-card--running { border-left-color: var(--running-bd); }
+.summary-card--success { border-left-color: var(--success-bd); }
+.summary-card--overdue { border-left-color: var(--unknown-bd); }
+
+/* ---------- Table ---------- */
+.table-wrap {
+  overflow-x: auto;
+  background: var(--surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: var(--radius);
+  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
+}
+.jobs { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; }
+.jobs th, .jobs td {
+  padding: 0.65rem 1rem;
+  text-align: left;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+  white-space: nowrap;
+}
+.jobs tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
+.jobs tbody tr:hover { background: var(--surface-alt); }
+.jobs th { background: var(--surface-alt); font-size: 0.8rem; text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: 0.03em; }
+
+.sort {
+  all: unset;
+  cursor: pointer;
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-weight: 600;
+}
+.sort::after { content: " ↕"; opacity: 0.4; }
+th[aria-sort="ascending"]  .sort::after { content: " ↑"; opacity: 1; }
+th[aria-sort="descending"] .sort::after { content: " ↓"; opacity: 1; }
+th[aria-sort="ascending"]  .sort,
+th[aria-sort="descending"] .sort { color: var(--text); }
+
+.time { display: flex; flex-direction: column; }
+.time__rel { font-size: 0.8rem; color: var(--muted); }
+
+.empty { padding: 2rem; text-align: center; color: var(--muted); margin: 0; }
+
+/* ---------- Status badges ---------- */
+.badge {
+  display: inline-flex;
+  align-items: center;
+  gap: 0.35rem;
+  padding: 0.2rem 0.65rem;
+  font: inherit;
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  border: 1px solid;
+  border-radius: 999px;
+}
+button.badge { cursor: pointer; }
+button.badge:hover { filter: brightness(0.95); }
+/* Icon + text, not colour alone, so it's readable for colour-blind users */
+.badge__icon { font-size: 0.75rem; }
+.badge--success { color: var(--success-fg); background: var(--success-bg); border-color: var(--success-bd); }
+.badge--warning { color: var(--warning-fg); background: var(--warning-bg); border-color: var(--warning-bd); }
+.badge--failed  { color: var(--failed-fg);  background: var(--failed-bg);  border-color: var(--failed-bd); }
+.badge--unknown { color: var(--unknown-fg); background: var(--unknown-bg); border-color: var(--unknown-bd); }
+.badge--running { color: var(--running-fg); background: var(--running-bg); border-color: var(--running-bd); }
+@media (prefers-reduced-motion: no-preference) {
+  .badge--running .badge__icon { animation: spin 2s linear infinite; }
+}
+@keyframes spin { to { transform: rotate(360deg); } }
+
+.tag-overdue {
+  margin-left: 0.5rem;
+  padding: 0.05rem 0.45rem;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  font-weight: 600;
+  border-radius: 4px;
+  color: var(--failed-fg);
+  background: var(--failed-bg);
+}
+
+/* ---------- Modal ---------- */
+.modal {
+  width: min(720px, calc(100vw - 2rem));
+  max-height: calc(100vh - 4rem);
+  padding: 0;
+  color: var(--text);
+  background: var(--surface);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 12px;
+}
+.modal::backdrop { background: rgb(0 0 0 / 45%); }
+.modal__header {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  align-items: flex-start;
+  gap: 1rem;
+  padding: 1rem 1.25rem;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+}
+.modal__title { margin: 0; font-size: 1.15rem; }
+.modal__header p { margin: 0.15rem 0 0; }
+.modal__body { padding: 1rem 1.25rem 1.25rem; }
+
+.detail-grid {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: max-content 1fr;
+  gap: 0.4rem 1.25rem;
+  margin: 1rem 0;
+}
+.detail-grid dt { color: var(--muted); }
+.detail-grid dd { margin: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
+
+.detail-section-title { font-size: 0.85rem; text-transform: uppercase; color: var(--muted); margin: 1.25rem 0 0.5rem; }
+
+.message {
+  margin: 0;
+  padding: 0.75rem 1rem;
+  max-height: 320px;
+  overflow: auto;
+  white-space: pre-wrap;          /* preserve backup-software line breaks */
+  overflow-wrap: anywhere;
+  font-family: ui-monospace, SFMono-Regular, Consolas, monospace;
+  font-size: 0.85rem;
+  background: var(--surface-alt);
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-left-width: 4px;
+  border-radius: 6px;
+}
+.message--failed  { border-left-color: var(--failed-bd); }
+.message--warning { border-left-color: var(--warning-bd); }
+.message--success { border-left-color: var(--success-bd); }
+.message--running { border-left-color: var(--running-bd); }
+
+.detail-status { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 0.6rem; flex-wrap: wrap; }
+
+.link {
+  all: unset;
+  color: var(--accent);
+  cursor: pointer;
+  text-decoration: underline;
+}
+
+/* ---------- Run history ---------- */
+.history-stats { margin: 0 0 0.6rem; font-size: 0.9rem; }
+
+/* One cell per day, oldest → today. Colour + tooltip; the runs table below is the accessible detail. */
+.day-strip {
+  display: grid;
+  grid-template-columns: repeat(30, 1fr);
+  gap: 3px;
+}
+.day {
+  height: 28px;
+  padding: 0;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 3px;
+  background: var(--surface-alt);
+  cursor: pointer;
+}
+.day:disabled { cursor: default; opacity: 0.6; }
+.day:not(:disabled):hover { filter: brightness(0.9); }
+.day[aria-pressed="true"] { outline: 2px solid var(--accent); outline-offset: 1px; }
+.day--success { background: var(--success-bd); border-color: var(--success-bd); }
+.day--warning { background: var(--warning-bd); border-color: var(--warning-bd); }
+.day--failed  { background: var(--failed-bd);  border-color: var(--failed-bd); }
+.day--running { background: var(--running-bd); border-color: var(--running-bd); }
+.day--unknown { background: var(--unknown-bd); border-color: var(--unknown-bd); }
+.day-strip__ticks {
+  display: flex;
+  justify-content: space-between;
+  margin-top: 0.25rem;
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+}
+
+.history-filter { margin: 0.75rem 0 0; font-size: 0.85rem; }
+
+.runs-wrap {
+  margin-top: 0.75rem;
+  max-height: 300px;
+  overflow: auto;
+  border: 1px solid var(--border);
+  border-radius: 6px;
+}
+.runs { width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-size: 0.85rem; }
+.runs th, .runs td {
+  padding: 0.4rem 0.75rem;
+  text-align: left;
+  white-space: nowrap;
+  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border);
+}
+.runs th {
+  position: sticky;
+  top: 0;
+  background: var(--surface-alt);
+  color: var(--muted);
+  font-size: 0.75rem;
+  text-transform: uppercase;
+}
+.runs tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: none; }
+.runs tr.is-selected td { background: color-mix(in srgb, var(--accent) 16%, transparent); }
+.runs .badge { font-size: 0.75rem; padding: 0.1rem 0.5rem; }

public/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html lang="en">
+<head>
+  <meta charset="utf-8">
+  <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+  <title>Backup Monitor</title>
+  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/styles.css">
+  <!-- type="module" is deferred by default; no inline JS so a strict CSP works -->
+  <script type="module" src="/js/app.js"></script>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <header class="topbar">
+    <h1 class="topbar__title">Backup Monitor</h1>
+    <div class="topbar__meta">
+      <span id="last-updated" class="muted" aria-live="polite">Loading…</span>
+      <button id="refresh-btn" class="btn" type="button">Refresh</button>
+    </div>
+  </header>
+
+  <main class="container">
+    <div id="error-banner" class="banner banner--error" role="alert" hidden></div>
+
+    <!-- Summary cards double as status filters -->
+    <section class="summary" aria-label="Status summary and filters">
+      <button type="button" class="summary-card" data-filter="all" aria-pressed="true">
+        <span class="summary-card__count" data-count="all">–</span>
+        <span class="summary-card__label">All jobs</span>
+      </button>
+      <button type="button" class="summary-card summary-card--failed" data-filter="failed" aria-pressed="false">
+        <span class="summary-card__count" data-count="failed">–</span>
+        <span class="summary-card__label">Failed</span>
+      </button>
+      <button type="button" class="summary-card summary-card--warning" data-filter="warning" aria-pressed="false">
+        <span class="summary-card__count" data-count="warning">–</span>
+        <span class="summary-card__label">Warning</span>
+      </button>
+      <button type="button" class="summary-card summary-card--running" data-filter="running" aria-pressed="false">
+        <span class="summary-card__count" data-count="running">–</span>
+        <span class="summary-card__label">Running</span>
+      </button>
+      <button type="button" class="summary-card summary-card--success" data-filter="success" aria-pressed="false">
+        <span class="summary-card__count" data-count="success">–</span>
+        <span class="summary-card__label">Success</span>
+      </button>
+      <button type="button" class="summary-card summary-card--overdue" data-filter="overdue" aria-pressed="false">
+        <span class="summary-card__count" data-count="overdue">–</span>
+        <span class="summary-card__label">Overdue</span>
+      </button>
+    </section>
+
+    <div class="toolbar">
+      <label for="search" class="visually-hidden">Search jobs</label>
+      <input id="search" class="input" type="search" placeholder="Search company or job…" autocomplete="off">
+    </div>
+
+    <div class="table-wrap">
+      <table class="jobs">
+        <thead>
+          <tr>
+            <th scope="col" aria-sort="none"><button type="button" class="sort" data-sort="company">Company</button></th>
+            <th scope="col" aria-sort="none"><button type="button" class="sort" data-sort="name">Backup Job</button></th>
+            <th scope="col" aria-sort="ascending"><button type="button" class="sort" data-sort="status">Status</button></th>
+            <th scope="col" aria-sort="none"><button type="button" class="sort" data-sort="lastRun">Last Run</button></th>
+            <th scope="col" aria-sort="none"><button type="button" class="sort" data-sort="nextRun">Next Scheduled</button></th>
+          </tr>
+        </thead>
+        <tbody id="jobs-body"></tbody>
+      </table>
+      <p id="empty-state" class="empty" hidden>No backup jobs match the current filter.</p>
+    </div>
+  </main>
+
+  <!-- Native <dialog>: built-in focus trap, Esc-to-close, and top-layer rendering -->
+  <dialog id="detail-dialog" class="modal" aria-labelledby="detail-title">
+    <div class="modal__header">
+      <div>
+        <h2 id="detail-title" class="modal__title"></h2>
+        <p id="detail-subtitle" class="muted"></p>
+      </div>
+      <button type="button" class="btn btn--icon" data-close aria-label="Close">✕</button>
+    </div>
+    <div id="detail-body" class="modal__body"></div>
+  </dialog>
+</body>
+</html>

public/js/api.js

@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+import { CONFIG } from './config.js';
+
+export class ApiError extends Error {
+  constructor(message, status = null) {
+    super(message);
+    this.name = 'ApiError';
+    this.status = status;
+  }
+}
+
+async function request(path) {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const timer = setTimeout(() => controller.abort(), CONFIG.requestTimeoutMs);
+  try {
+    const res = await fetch(`${CONFIG.apiBaseUrl}${path}`, {
+      headers: { Accept: 'application/json' },
+      credentials: 'same-origin', // ready for cookie/session auth behind nginx
+      signal: controller.signal,
+    });
+    // 401 means the nginx/SSO session lapsed; a reload sends the user back through sign-in
+    if (res.status === 401) throw new ApiError('Your session has expired. Reload the page to sign in again', 401);
+    if (!res.ok) throw new ApiError(`Server returned HTTP ${res.status}`, res.status);
+    return await res.json();
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (err.name === 'AbortError') throw new ApiError('Request timed out');
+    if (err instanceof ApiError) throw err;
+    throw new ApiError(`Network error: ${err.message}`);
+  } finally {
+    clearTimeout(timer);
+  }
+}
+
+const httpApi = {
+  /** GET /jobs → { generated_at, jobs: Job[] } */
+  async listJobs() {
+    const data = await request('/jobs');
+    if (!Array.isArray(data?.jobs)) throw new ApiError('Unexpected response shape from /jobs');
+    return data;
+  },
+  /** GET /jobs/:id → JobDetail */
+  getJob(id) {
+    return request(`/jobs/${encodeURIComponent(id)}`);
+  },
+  /** GET /jobs/:id/runs?days=N → { job_id, since, runs: RunSummary[] } (newest first, no messages) */
+  listRuns(id, days) {
+    return request(`/jobs/${encodeURIComponent(id)}/runs?days=${encodeURIComponent(days)}`);
+  },
+  /** GET /runs/:id → Run (with message and details) */
+  getRun(id) {
+    return request(`/runs/${encodeURIComponent(id)}`);
+  },
+};
+
+// Mock is loaded lazily so it never ships in the production request path.
+export async function getApi() {
+  if (CONFIG.useMock) {
+    const { mockApi } = await import('./mock.js');
+    return mockApi;
+  }
+  return httpApi;
+}

public/js/app.js

@@ -0,0 +1,528 @@
+import { CONFIG } from './config.js';
+import { getApi } from './api.js';
+import {
+  parseDate, formatDateTime, formatTime, formatRelative, formatDuration, formatBytes,
+} from './format.js';
+
+const api = await getApi();
+
+// ---------- Domain ----------
+// rank drives default sort: worst first
+const STATUS = {
+  failed:  { label: 'Failed',  icon: '✕', rank: 0 },
+  warning: { label: 'Warning', icon: '!', rank: 1 },
+  unknown: { label: 'Unknown', icon: '?', rank: 2 },
+  running: { label: 'Running', icon: '↻', rank: 3 },
+  success: { label: 'Success', icon: '✓', rank: 4 },
+};
+
+// Anything the backend sends that we don't recognise becomes "unknown" rather than breaking the UI
+function normalizeStatus(raw) {
+  const s = String(raw ?? '').toLowerCase();
+  return Object.hasOwn(STATUS, s) ? s : 'unknown';
+}
+
+function normalizeJob(j) {
+  return {
+    id: String(j.id),
+    company: j.company_name ?? '',
+    name: j.job_name ?? '',
+    status: normalizeStatus(j.status),
+    message: j.message ?? '',
+    runningSince: parseDate(j.running_since),
+    // When the most recent run *finished*; a job that's running keeps showing its previous finish
+    lastRun: parseDate(j.last_run_at),
+    nextRun: parseDate(j.next_run_at),
+  };
+}
+
+// A running job isn't silently dead, so it's never overdue (a long run can pass its next slot)
+const isOverdue = (job, now = Date.now()) =>
+  job.status !== 'running' && !!job.nextRun && job.nextRun.getTime() + CONFIG.overdueGraceMinutes * 60_000 < now;
+
+// ---------- State ----------
+const state = {
+  jobs: [],
+  filter: 'all',
+  search: '',
+  sort: { key: 'status', dir: 1 },
+  lastSuccess: null,
+};
+
+// ---------- DOM ----------
+const $ = (sel) => document.querySelector(sel);
+const dom = {
+  tbody: $('#jobs-body'),
+  empty: $('#empty-state'),
+  search: $('#search'),
+  refreshBtn: $('#refresh-btn'),
+  lastUpdated: $('#last-updated'),
+  errorBanner: $('#error-banner'),
+  dialog: $('#detail-dialog'),
+  detailTitle: $('#detail-title'),
+  detailSubtitle: $('#detail-subtitle'),
+  detailBody: $('#detail-body'),
+};
+
+// Tiny element builder. All text goes through append() → text nodes, so API data can never inject HTML.
+function el(tag, props = {}, ...children) {
+  const node = document.createElement(tag);
+  for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(props)) {
+    if (v == null || v === false) continue;
+    if (k === 'class') node.className = v;
+    else if (k === 'dataset') Object.assign(node.dataset, v);
+    else node.setAttribute(k, v === true ? '' : v);
+  }
+  node.append(...children.flat().filter((c) => c != null && c !== false));
+  return node;
+}
+
+// ---------- Rendering ----------
+function statusBadge(status, { asButton = false, opensDialog = false, dataset = null, title = null } = {}) {
+  const { label, icon } = STATUS[status];
+  const content = [el('span', { class: 'badge__icon', 'aria-hidden': 'true' }, icon), label];
+  return asButton
+    ? el('button', {
+        type: 'button',
+        class: `badge badge--${status}`,
+        'aria-haspopup': opensDialog ? 'dialog' : null,
+        'aria-label': `${label} – view details`,
+        title,
+        dataset,
+      }, content)
+    : el('span', { class: `badge badge--${status}`, title }, content);
+}
+
+const runningTitle = (since) => (since ? `Running since ${formatDateTime(since)}` : null);
+
+function timeCell(date, { extra = null, emptyLabel = 'Never' } = {}) {
+  if (!date) return el('td', {}, el('span', { class: 'muted' }, emptyLabel));
+  return el('td', {},
+    el('time', { class: 'time', datetime: date.toISOString(), title: date.toString() },
+      el('span', {}, formatDateTime(date), extra),
+      el('span', { class: 'time__rel' }, formatRelative(date))));
+}
+
+function renderRow(job) {
+  const overdueTag = isOverdue(job) ? el('span', { class: 'tag-overdue' }, 'Overdue') : null;
+  return el('tr', {},
+    el('td', {}, job.company),
+    el('td', {}, job.name),
+    el('td', {}, statusBadge(job.status, {
+      asButton: true, opensDialog: true, dataset: { jobId: job.id }, title: runningTitle(job.runningSince),
+    })),
+    timeCell(job.lastRun),
+    // No next run: unscheduled, or e.g. a Veeam copy job in immediate mode
+    timeCell(job.nextRun, { extra: overdueTag, emptyLabel: 'Not scheduled' }));
+}
+
+const collator = new Intl.Collator(undefined, { sensitivity: 'base', numeric: true });
+
+function cmpDate(a, b) {
+  if (!a && !b) return 0;
+  if (!a) return 1;
+  if (!b) return -1;
+  return a - b;
+}
+
+const SORTERS = {
+  company: (a, b) => collator.compare(a.company, b.company),
+  name: (a, b) => collator.compare(a.name, b.name),
+  status: (a, b) => STATUS[a.status].rank - STATUS[b.status].rank,
+  lastRun: (a, b) => cmpDate(a.lastRun, b.lastRun),
+  nextRun: (a, b) => cmpDate(a.nextRun, b.nextRun),
+};
+
+function visibleJobs() {
+  const q = state.search.trim().toLowerCase();
+  const now = Date.now();
+  const { key, dir } = state.sort;
+  return state.jobs
+    .filter((j) => {
+      if (state.filter === 'overdue') return isOverdue(j, now);
+      return state.filter === 'all' || j.status === state.filter;
+    })
+    .filter((j) => !q || j.company.toLowerCase().includes(q) || j.name.toLowerCase().includes(q))
+    // Stable tie-breakers keep row order from jumping around on each refresh
+    .sort((a, b) => SORTERS[key](a, b) * dir || SORTERS.company(a, b) || SORTERS.name(a, b));
+}
+
+function renderSummary() {
+  const now = Date.now();
+  const counts = { all: state.jobs.length, failed: 0, warning: 0, running: 0, success: 0, overdue: 0 };
+  for (const j of state.jobs) {
+    if (j.status in counts) counts[j.status]++;
+    if (isOverdue(j, now)) counts.overdue++;
+  }
+  for (const [k, v] of Object.entries(counts)) {
+    const node = document.querySelector(`[data-count="${k}"]`);
+    if (node) node.textContent = v;
+  }
+  document.querySelectorAll('.summary-card').forEach((card) => {
+    card.setAttribute('aria-pressed', String(card.dataset.filter === state.filter));
+  });
+}
+
+function renderSortHeaders() {
+  document.querySelectorAll('th[aria-sort]').forEach((th) => {
+    const key = th.querySelector('.sort').dataset.sort;
+    th.setAttribute('aria-sort',
+      key === state.sort.key ? (state.sort.dir === 1 ? 'ascending' : 'descending') : 'none');
+  });
+}
+
+function render() {
+  const rows = visibleJobs();
+  dom.tbody.replaceChildren(...rows.map(renderRow));
+  dom.empty.hidden = rows.length > 0;
+  renderSummary();
+  renderSortHeaders();
+}
+
+// ---------- Data loading ----------
+let inFlight = null;
+let pollTimer = null;
+
+function refresh() {
+  if (inFlight) return inFlight; // de-dupe overlapping manual + scheduled refreshes
+  dom.refreshBtn.disabled = true;
+  inFlight = (async () => {
+    try {
+      const data = await api.listJobs();
+      state.jobs = data.jobs.map(normalizeJob);
+      state.lastSuccess = new Date();
+      dom.errorBanner.hidden = true;
+      dom.lastUpdated.textContent = `Updated ${formatTime(state.lastSuccess)}`;
+    } catch (err) {
+      // Keep showing stale data, but make it obvious it's stale
+      dom.errorBanner.textContent = state.lastSuccess
+        ? `Couldn't refresh (${err.message}). Showing data from ${formatTime(state.lastSuccess)}.`
+        : `Couldn't load backup status (${err.message}).`;
+      dom.errorBanner.hidden = false;
+      dom.lastUpdated.textContent = 'Update failed';
+      console.error(err);
+    } finally {
+      render();
+      dom.refreshBtn.disabled = false;
+      inFlight = null;
+    }
+  })();
+  return inFlight;
+}
+
+function schedulePoll() {
+  clearTimeout(pollTimer);
+  pollTimer = setTimeout(async () => {
+    await refresh();
+    schedulePoll();
+  }, CONFIG.refreshIntervalMs);
+}
+
+// Don't poll from background tabs (e.g. a wall display that's been switched away); catch up on return
+document.addEventListener('visibilitychange', () => {
+  if (document.hidden) clearTimeout(pollTimer);
+  else refresh().then(schedulePoll);
+});
+
+// ---------- Detail modal ----------
+// Every async result checks reqId first, so a slow response for job A can never paint over job B.
+const modal = {
+  reqId: 0,
+  job: null,
+  detail: null,
+  runs: null,          // null = loading, [] = none
+  runsError: null,
+  dayFilter: null,     // local YYYY-MM-DD, or null for all days
+  selectedRunId: null, // null = the job's latest finished run (from the detail call)
+  runMessage: null,    // { status, text, startedAt } for the selected run
+  runMessageError: null,
+};
+
+// Colour of a day cell: the worst thing that happened that day
+const DAY_SEVERITY = ['failed', 'warning', 'unknown', 'running', 'success'];
+
+const pad2 = (n) => String(n).padStart(2, '0');
+const localDayKey = (d) => `${d.getFullYear()}-${pad2(d.getMonth() + 1)}-${pad2(d.getDate())}`;
+const dayLabelFmt = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(undefined, { weekday: 'short', month: 'short', day: 'numeric' });
+const dayTickFmt = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(undefined, { month: 'short', day: 'numeric' });
+
+function normalizeRun(r) {
+  return {
+    id: String(r.id),
+    status: normalizeStatus(r.status),
+    startedAt: parseDate(r.started_at),
+    finishedAt: parseDate(r.finished_at),
+    duration: r.duration_seconds,
+    size: r.size_bytes,
+  };
+}
+
+function buildDays(runs, count) {
+  const today = new Date();
+  today.setHours(0, 0, 0, 0);
+  const days = [];
+  for (let i = count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+    const date = new Date(today);
+    date.setDate(date.getDate() - i);
+    days.push({ key: localDayKey(date), date, counts: {}, total: 0 });
+  }
+  const byKey = new Map(days.map((d) => [d.key, d]));
+  for (const run of runs) {
+    const day = byKey.get(localDayKey(run.startedAt));
+    if (!day) continue;
+    day.counts[run.status] = (day.counts[run.status] ?? 0) + 1;
+    day.total++;
+  }
+  for (const day of days) day.status = day.total ? DAY_SEVERITY.find((s) => day.counts[s]) : 'none';
+  return days;
+}
+
+function describeCounts(counts) {
+  return DAY_SEVERITY.filter((s) => counts[s])
+    .map((s) => `${counts[s]} ${STATUS[s].label.toLowerCase()}`)
+    .join(', ');
+}
+
+function detailRow(label, value) {
+  if (value == null || value === '') return [];
+  return [el('dt', {}, label), el('dd', {}, value)];
+}
+
+function renderSummarySection() {
+  const { job, detail } = modal;
+  const status = detail ? normalizeStatus(detail.status) : job.status;
+  const runningSince = detail ? parseDate(detail.running_since) : job.runningSince;
+  const lastStatus = detail?.last_status ? normalizeStatus(detail.last_status) : null;
+
+  dom.detailTitle.textContent = detail?.job_name ?? job.name;
+  dom.detailSubtitle.textContent = detail?.company_name ?? job.company;
+
+  return el('section', {},
+    el('div', { class: 'detail-status' },
+      statusBadge(status),
+      runningSince ? el('span', { class: 'muted' }, `since ${formatDateTime(runningSince)}`) : null),
+    el('dl', { class: 'detail-grid' },
+      // While a job is running, its "last run" is the previous one — say how that went
+      status === 'running' && lastStatus ? detailRow('Previous result', STATUS[lastStatus].label) : [],
+      detailRow('Last finished', formatDateTime(detail ? parseDate(detail.last_run_at) : job.lastRun)),
+      detailRow('Next scheduled', formatDateTime(detail ? parseDate(detail.next_run_at) : job.nextRun, 'Not scheduled')),
+      detailRow('Duration', formatDuration(detail?.duration_seconds)),
+      detailRow('Size', formatBytes(detail?.size_bytes)),
+      detailRow('Source', detail?.source_system)));
+}
+
+function renderHistorySection() {
+  const section = el('section', { id: 'detail-history' },
+    el('h3', { class: 'detail-section-title' }, `Last ${CONFIG.historyDays} days`));
+
+  if (modal.runsError) {
+    section.append(el('p', { class: 'banner banner--error' }, `Couldn't load run history: ${modal.runsError}`));
+    return section;
+  }
+  if (!modal.runs) {
+    section.append(el('p', { class: 'muted' }, 'Loading history…'));
+    return section;
+  }
+
+  const days = buildDays(modal.runs, CONFIG.historyDays);
+  const finished = modal.runs.filter((r) => r.finishedAt);
+  const ok = finished.filter((r) => r.status === 'success').length;
+  const totals = {};
+  for (const r of modal.runs) totals[r.status] = (totals[r.status] ?? 0) + 1;
+
+  section.append(
+    el('p', { class: 'history-stats' },
+      modal.runs.length
+        ? `${modal.runs.length} runs · ${finished.length ? Math.round((ok / finished.length) * 100) : 0}% successful · ${describeCounts(totals)}`
+        : 'No runs recorded in this period.'),
+    el('div', { class: 'day-strip', role: 'group', 'aria-label': 'Daily results, oldest to newest. Select a day to filter runs.' },
+      days.map((d) => {
+        const label = `${dayLabelFmt.format(d.date)}: ${d.total ? describeCounts(d.counts) : 'no runs'}`;
+        return el('button', {
+          type: 'button',
+          class: `day day--${d.status}`,
+          title: label,
+          'aria-label': label,
+          'aria-pressed': String(modal.dayFilter === d.key),
+          disabled: !d.total,
+          dataset: { day: d.key },
+        });
+      })),
+    el('div', { class: 'day-strip__ticks muted', 'aria-hidden': 'true' },
+      el('span', {}, dayTickFmt.format(days[0].date)),
+      el('span', {}, 'Today')),
+  );
+
+  const rows = modal.dayFilter
+    ? modal.runs.filter((r) => localDayKey(r.startedAt) === modal.dayFilter)
+    : modal.runs;
+  if (!rows.length) return section;
+
+  if (modal.dayFilter) {
+    const date = days.find((d) => d.key === modal.dayFilter)?.date;
+    section.append(el('p', { class: 'muted history-filter' },
+      `Showing ${dayLabelFmt.format(date)} · `,
+      el('button', { type: 'button', class: 'link', dataset: { day: modal.dayFilter } }, 'Show all days')));
+  }
+
+  section.append(el('div', { class: 'runs-wrap' },
+    el('table', { class: 'runs' },
+      el('thead', {}, el('tr', {},
+        ['Status', 'Started', 'Finished', 'Duration', 'Size'].map((h) => el('th', { scope: 'col' }, h)))),
+      el('tbody', {}, rows.map((r) => el('tr', { class: r.id === modal.selectedRunId ? 'is-selected' : null },
+        el('td', {}, statusBadge(r.status, { asButton: true, dataset: { runId: r.id } })),
+        el('td', {}, formatDateTime(r.startedAt)),
+        el('td', {}, r.finishedAt ? formatDateTime(r.finishedAt) : el('span', { class: 'muted' }, 'In progress')),
+        el('td', {}, formatDuration(r.duration) ?? '—'),
+        el('td', {}, formatBytes(r.size) ?? '—')))))));
+  return section;
+}
+
+function renderMessageSection() {
+  const { detail, job } = modal;
+  let status;
+  let text;
+  let heading = 'Message';
+  if (modal.selectedRunId) {
+    const run = modal.runs?.find((r) => r.id === modal.selectedRunId);
+    heading = `Message · run started ${formatDateTime(run?.startedAt)}`;
+    status = run?.status ?? 'unknown';
+    text = modal.runMessageError
+      ? `Couldn't load this run: ${modal.runMessageError}`
+      : modal.runMessage?.text ?? 'Loading…';
+  } else {
+    status = detail?.last_status ? normalizeStatus(detail.last_status) : job.status;
+    text = detail?.message ?? job.message;
+  }
+
+  const extras = !modal.selectedRunId && detail?.details && typeof detail.details === 'object'
+    ? Object.entries(detail.details).flatMap(([k, v]) =>
+        detailRow(k.replace(/_/g, ' '), typeof v === 'object' ? JSON.stringify(v) : String(v)))
+    : modal.runMessage?.extras ?? [];
+
+  return el('section', { id: 'detail-message' },
+    el('h3', { class: 'detail-section-title' }, heading),
+    el('pre', { class: `message message--${status}` }, text || 'No message reported.'),
+    extras.length ? el('h3', { class: 'detail-section-title' }, 'Additional details') : null,
+    extras.length ? el('dl', { class: 'detail-grid' }, extras) : null);
+}
+
+function renderModal({ loading = false, error = null } = {}) {
+  dom.detailBody.replaceChildren(...[
+    renderSummarySection(),
+    loading ? el('p', { class: 'muted' }, 'Loading full details…') : null,
+    error ? el('p', { class: 'banner banner--error' }, `Couldn't load full details: ${error}`) : null,
+    renderMessageSection(),
+    renderHistorySection(),
+  ].filter(Boolean));
+}
+
+// Re-render just the history section, keeping the runs table's scroll position
+function renderHistory() {
+  const wrap = dom.detailBody.querySelector('.runs-wrap');
+  const scrollTop = wrap?.scrollTop ?? 0;
+  dom.detailBody.querySelector('#detail-history')?.replaceWith(renderHistorySection());
+  const newWrap = dom.detailBody.querySelector('.runs-wrap');
+  if (newWrap) newWrap.scrollTop = scrollTop;
+}
+
+function renderMessage() {
+  dom.detailBody.querySelector('#detail-message')?.replaceWith(renderMessageSection());
+}
+
+async function openDetail(jobId) {
+  const job = state.jobs.find((j) => j.id === jobId);
+  if (!job) return;
+  const reqId = ++modal.reqId;
+  Object.assign(modal, {
+    job, detail: null, runs: null, runsError: null, dayFilter: null,
+    selectedRunId: null, runMessage: null, runMessageError: null,
+  });
+  renderModal({ loading: true }); // show what we have immediately
+  if (!dom.dialog.open) dom.dialog.showModal();
+
+  const current = () => reqId === modal.reqId && dom.dialog.open;
+  const detailP = api.getJob(jobId).then(
+    (detail) => { if (current()) { modal.detail = detail; renderModal(); } },
+    (err) => { if (current()) renderModal({ error: err.message }); },
+  );
+  const runsP = api.listRuns(jobId, CONFIG.historyDays).then(
+    (data) => {
+      if (!current()) return;
+      modal.runs = (data.runs ?? []).map(normalizeRun).filter((r) => r.startedAt);
+      renderHistory();
+    },
+    (err) => { if (current()) { modal.runsError = err.message; renderHistory(); } },
+  );
+  await Promise.all([detailP, runsP]);
+}
+
+async function selectRun(runId) {
+  const reqId = modal.reqId;
+  modal.selectedRunId = runId;
+  modal.runMessage = null;
+  modal.runMessageError = null;
+  renderHistory();
+  renderMessage();
+  try {
+    const run = await api.getRun(runId);
+    if (reqId !== modal.reqId || modal.selectedRunId !== runId) return;
+    modal.runMessage = {
+      text: run.message,
+      extras: Object.entries(run.details ?? {}).flatMap(([k, v]) =>
+        detailRow(k.replace(/_/g, ' '), typeof v === 'object' ? JSON.stringify(v) : String(v))),
+    };
+  } catch (err) {
+    if (reqId !== modal.reqId || modal.selectedRunId !== runId) return;
+    modal.runMessageError = err.message;
+  }
+  renderMessage();
+  dom.detailBody.querySelector('#detail-message')?.scrollIntoView({ block: 'nearest', behavior: 'smooth' });
+}
+
+// ---------- Events ----------
+dom.tbody.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+  const btn = e.target.closest('button[data-job-id]');
+  if (btn) openDetail(btn.dataset.jobId);
+});
+
+dom.dialog.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+  // Click on the backdrop (the dialog element itself, outside its content) or the close button
+  if (e.target === dom.dialog || e.target.closest('[data-close]')) dom.dialog.close();
+});
+
+dom.detailBody.addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+  const day = e.target.closest('button[data-day]');
+  if (day) {
+    modal.dayFilter = modal.dayFilter === day.dataset.day ? null : day.dataset.day;
+    renderHistory();
+    return;
+  }
+  const run = e.target.closest('button[data-run-id]');
+  if (run) selectRun(run.dataset.runId);
+});
+
+document.querySelector('.summary').addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+  const card = e.target.closest('.summary-card');
+  if (!card) return;
+  state.filter = card.dataset.filter;
+  render();
+});
+
+document.querySelector('.jobs thead').addEventListener('click', (e) => {
+  const btn = e.target.closest('.sort');
+  if (!btn) return;
+  const key = btn.dataset.sort;
+  state.sort = state.sort.key === key ? { key, dir: -state.sort.dir } : { key, dir: 1 };
+  render();
+});
+
+dom.search.addEventListener('input', () => {
+  state.search = dom.search.value;
+  render();
+});
+
+dom.refreshBtn.addEventListener('click', () => refresh().then(schedulePoll));
+
+// ---------- Boot ----------
+refresh().then(schedulePoll);

public/js/config.js

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+// Central runtime config. Kept as a static file so ops can change it without a build.
+const params = new URLSearchParams(window.location.search);
+
+export const CONFIG = Object.freeze({
+  apiBaseUrl: '/api/v1',
+  refreshIntervalMs: 60_000,
+  requestTimeoutMs: 15_000,
+  // A job whose next scheduled run is this far in the past is flagged "Overdue".
+  // Catches the silent failure mode: a job stops reporting and stays green forever.
+  overdueGraceMinutes: 30,
+  // Run history shown in the job modal (the API caps this at 30)
+  historyDays: 30,
+  // ?mock=1 → use in-browser sample data, no backend needed
+  useMock: params.has('mock'),
+});

public/js/format.js

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+const dateTimeFmt = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(undefined, { dateStyle: 'medium', timeStyle: 'short' });
+const timeFmt = new Intl.DateTimeFormat(undefined, { timeStyle: 'medium' });
+const relFmt = new Intl.RelativeTimeFormat(undefined, { numeric: 'auto' });
+
+const REL_UNITS = [
+  ['year', 31_536_000], ['month', 2_592_000], ['week', 604_800],
+  ['day', 86_400], ['hour', 3_600], ['minute', 60],
+];
+
+export function parseDate(value) {
+  if (!value) return null;
+  const d = new Date(value);
+  return Number.isNaN(d.getTime()) ? null : d;
+}
+
+export const formatDateTime = (d, emptyLabel = '—') => (d ? dateTimeFmt.format(d) : emptyLabel);
+export const formatTime = (d) => timeFmt.format(d);
+
+export function formatRelative(d, now = Date.now()) {
+  if (!d) return '';
+  const diffSec = Math.round((d.getTime() - now) / 1000);
+  for (const [unit, secs] of REL_UNITS) {
+    if (Math.abs(diffSec) >= secs) return relFmt.format(Math.round(diffSec / secs), unit);
+  }
+  return relFmt.format(diffSec, 'second');
+}
+
+export function formatDuration(totalSec) {
+  if (totalSec == null || Number.isNaN(Number(totalSec))) return null;
+  const s = Math.max(0, Math.round(totalSec));
+  const h = Math.floor(s / 3600);
+  const m = Math.floor((s % 3600) / 60);
+  const sec = s % 60;
+  return [h && `${h}h`, (h || m) && `${m}m`, `${sec}s`].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
+}
+
+export function formatBytes(bytes) {
+  if (bytes == null || Number.isNaN(Number(bytes))) return null;
+  const units = ['B', 'KB', 'MB', 'GB', 'TB', 'PB'];
+  let n = Number(bytes);
+  let i = 0;
+  while (n >= 1024 && i < units.length - 1) { n /= 1024; i++; }
+  return `${n.toFixed(i === 0 ? 0 : 1)} ${units[i]}`;
+}

public/js/mock.js

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+// Sample data matching the API contract. Timestamps are relative to page load so it always looks "live".
+const now = Date.now();
+const MIN = 60_000;
+const HR = 60 * MIN;
+const DAY = 24 * HR;
+const iso = (offsetMs) => new Date(now + offsetMs).toISOString();
+
+// every_h drives the generated run history; it isn't part of the API.
+const JOBS = [
+  {
+    id: 1, company_name: 'Acme Corp', job_name: 'File Server – Nightly', status: 'success', every_h: 24,
+    last_run_at: iso(-6 * HR), next_run_at: iso(18 * HR),
+    message: 'Job completed successfully. 1,284 files processed.',
+    source_system: 'Veeam B&R', duration_seconds: 2840, size_bytes: 128_849_018_880,
+  },
+  {
+    id: 2, company_name: 'Acme Corp', job_name: 'SQL01 – Transaction Logs', status: 'warning', every_h: 1,
+    last_run_at: iso(-25 * MIN), next_run_at: iso(35 * MIN),
+    message: 'Processing SQL01 Warning:\nFailed to truncate transaction logs for database "ERP_PROD".\nLog backup completed but truncation was skipped.',
+    source_system: 'Veeam B&R', duration_seconds: 312, size_bytes: 2_147_483_648,
+    details: { retry_count: 0, repository: 'REPO-ONSITE-01' },
+  },
+  {
+    // Running now; "last run" is still the previous completion
+    id: 7, company_name: 'Acme Corp', job_name: 'Hyper-V Hosts – Daily', status: 'running', every_h: 24,
+    running_since: iso(-12 * MIN), last_status: 'success',
+    last_run_at: iso(-DAY + 40 * MIN), next_run_at: iso(DAY - 12 * MIN),
+    message: 'Completed successfully. 6 VMs processed.',
+    source_system: 'Veeam B&R', duration_seconds: 3120, size_bytes: 412_316_860_416,
+  },
+  {
+    id: 3, company_name: 'Bluewater Dental', job_name: 'Workstations – Daily', status: 'failed', every_h: 24,
+    last_run_at: iso(-3 * HR), next_run_at: iso(21 * HR),
+    message: 'Error: Unable to connect to backup repository \\\\NAS02\\Backups.\nThe network path was not found. (0x80070035)\nJob terminated after 3 retries.',
+    source_system: 'Datto', duration_seconds: 95,
+    details: { retry_count: 3, target: '\\\\NAS02\\Backups' },
+  },
+  {
+    id: 4, company_name: 'Bluewater Dental', job_name: 'Imaging Server – Hourly', status: 'success', every_h: 1,
+    last_run_at: iso(-50 * MIN), next_run_at: iso(10 * MIN),
+    message: 'Completed.', source_system: 'Datto', duration_seconds: 420, size_bytes: 8_589_934_592,
+  },
+  {
+    // Green status but next run is in the past → should show as Overdue
+    id: 5, company_name: 'Northfield Logistics', job_name: 'Exchange – Nightly', status: 'success', every_h: 24,
+    last_run_at: iso(-30 * HR), next_run_at: iso(-6 * HR),
+    message: 'Completed successfully.', source_system: 'Acronis', duration_seconds: 5400,
+  },
+  {
+    // Never run / unrecognised status → rendered as Unknown
+    id: 6, company_name: 'Northfield Logistics', job_name: 'New NAS – Weekly', status: null,
+    last_run_at: null, next_run_at: iso(2 * DAY),
+    message: '', source_system: 'Synology Hyper Backup',
+  },
+];
+
+const MESSAGES = {
+  success: 'Job completed successfully.',
+  warning: 'Completed with warnings: 1 file skipped (file in use).',
+  failed: 'Error: Target repository unreachable. Job terminated.',
+};
+
+// Deterministic pseudo-random so history doesn't reshuffle on every modal open
+function rng(seed) {
+  let x = seed;
+  return () => ((x = (x * 1_103_515_245 + 12_345) % 2_147_483_648) / 2_147_483_648);
+}
+
+const RUNS = new Map(); // job id → runs, newest first
+for (const job of JOBS) {
+  const runs = [];
+  if (job.running_since) {
+    runs.push({ id: `${job.id}-r`, status: 'running', started_at: job.running_since, finished_at: null, message: 'In progress…' });
+  }
+  if (job.last_run_at && job.every_h) {
+    const rand = rng(job.id * 7919);
+    const dur = (job.duration_seconds ?? 600) * 1000;
+    let end = Date.parse(job.last_run_at);
+    for (let i = 0; end - dur > now - 30 * DAY; i++, end -= job.every_h * HR) {
+      const r = rand();
+      const status = i === 0 ? (job.last_status ?? job.status) : r < 0.03 ? 'failed' : r < 0.1 ? 'warning' : 'success';
+      const thisDur = dur * (0.8 + rand() * 0.4);
+      runs.push({
+        id: `${job.id}-${i}`,
+        status,
+        started_at: new Date(end - thisDur).toISOString(),
+        finished_at: new Date(end).toISOString(),
+        duration_seconds: Math.round(thisDur / 1000),
+        size_bytes: status === 'failed' ? null : job.size_bytes,
+        message: i === 0 ? job.message : MESSAGES[status],
+        details: i === 0 ? job.details ?? {} : {},
+      });
+    }
+  }
+  RUNS.set(String(job.id), runs);
+}
+
+const delay = (ms) => new Promise((r) => setTimeout(r, ms));
+const summary = ({ details, every_h, last_status, duration_seconds, size_bytes, ...rest }) => rest;
+
+export const mockApi = {
+  async listJobs() {
+    await delay(250);
+    return { generated_at: new Date().toISOString(), jobs: JOBS.map(summary) };
+  },
+  async getJob(id) {
+    await delay(200);
+    const job = JOBS.find((j) => String(j.id) === String(id));
+    if (!job) throw new Error('Job not found');
+    const { every_h, ...rest } = job;
+    return { last_status: job.status === 'running' ? null : job.status, ...rest, details: job.details ?? {} };
+  },
+  async listRuns(id, days) {
+    await delay(300);
+    const since = now - days * DAY;
+    const runs = (RUNS.get(String(id)) ?? [])
+      .filter((r) => Date.parse(r.started_at) >= since)
+      .map(({ message, details, ...r }) => r);
+    return { job_id: id, since: new Date(since).toISOString(), runs };
+  },
+  async getRun(id) {
+    await delay(150);
+    for (const runs of RUNS.values()) {
+      const run = runs.find((r) => r.id === id);
+      if (run) return { details: {}, ...run };
+    }
+    throw new Error('Run not found');
+  },
+};